剩余污泥生态稳定化过程中细菌群落的多样性分析  

Analysis of the bacterial diversity in activated sludge during ecological stabilization

作　　者：曹阳[1] 朴永哲[2] 崔玉波[3] 沈海萍[1] 郭敏丽[1] 周华成[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连工业大学生物工程学院,辽宁大连116034 [2]大连民族学院生物工程系,辽宁大连116600 [3]大连民族学院环境科学与工程系,辽宁大连116600

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2012年第5期86-89,共4页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50978048)

摘　　要：为了描述污泥生态稳定化过程中微生物多样性的变化趋势,应用变形梯度凝胶电泳技术(PCR-DGGE)分析了不同时期、不同取样位置的细菌群落变化。通过对图谱的聚类分析了不同样品的相似度。计算得出香农-威纳(Shannon-Wiener)指数分别为1.93、1.89、1.80、1.98、1.91、1.83、2.41、2.38、2.32,均度指数(Pielou)分别为0.62、0.58、0.65、0.62、0.67、0.68、0.74、0.78、0.72,其从3月到9月均在上升,即稳定化过程中生物多样性及均匀度都在提高。利用测序后得到的序列进行亲缘性比对,并结合优势种属的变化分析污泥样品细菌群落的演替。结果表明,污泥不同位置的微生物群落相似度较高,不同时期的生物群落有一定的差异,推测污泥中生物种群与优势种属主要随生态稳定化不同时期而改变。序列分析以及亲缘性分析表明,优势菌株主要为放线菌门和变形菌门,有5种放线菌、5种变形菌和2种古细菌共12种属。其中拜叶林克氏菌和红球菌上升有利于对有机质的降解转化,假诺卡氏菌等致病菌的减少说明生态稳定化具有良好的作用。生态稳定化可能对致病菌的降低以及有机质的转化等具有一定的作用。The sewage treatment system, as a special microbial flora, is drawing more and more attention on its relationship with microbes and their role in wastewater treatment, thus highlights the necessity on the microbial diversity analysis in activated sludge. In this paper, the PCR-based denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （PCR-DGGE） was used to explore the bacterial diversity in activated sludge in ecological stabilization system. Clustering analysis of the fingerprint of DGGE indicates the similarity of different samples; the Shannon- Wiener index for each sample was calculated as 1.93, 1.89, 1.80, 1.98, 1.91, 1.83, 2.41, 2.38, 2.32 with the Pielou index of 0.62, 0.58, 0.65, 0.62, 0.67, 0.68, 0.74, 0.78, 0.72. Shannon- Wiener index and Pielou indexes were climbing from March to September, indicating the improvement on the diversity and homogeneity of biological community during stabilization. The biomass and degree of homogeneity was increased in sludge after ecological stabilization. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the V3 region showed that the succession of bacterial communities were highly similar for which samples taken from different location, whereas there were some difference between samples taken at different time. The results indicated that new ecological systems were engendered in the process of stabilization. The majority of the stains were confirmed as actinomyces or mycetozoan according to DGGE strips sequencing and Phylogenetic Analysis, a total of 12 species, viz.5 species of actinomyces, 5 species of proteobacteria and 2 species of archaea, The increase in the number of Beijerinckiaceae and Rhodococcus has strengthened the degradation of organic matter, and the decrease of pathogenic bacteria like Pseudonocardia indicated effectiveness of the stabilization. It can be concluded that the stabilization of ecology plays role in reducing pathogens and organic matter. It has explained that the diversity of biological communities in the stabilization evolution has become a new ecological sys

关 键 词：环境工程学 稳定化 生物多样性 变性梯度凝胶电泳 

分 类 号：Q145.2[生物学—生态学]