典型电缆锥形量热试验研究  

Experimental study of typical electric cables on cone calorimeter

作　　者：徐晓楠[1] 施照成[1] 吴迪 

机构地区：[1]中国人民武装警察部队学院消防工程系,河北廊坊065000 [2]重庆消防总队,重庆401121

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2012年第5期210-214,共5页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：公安部应用科技创新计划项目(2011YYCXWJXY134)

摘　　要：采用锥形量热仪对阻燃聚氯乙烯护套聚氯乙烯绝缘电缆(简称ZR-VV)、交联聚乙烯护套聚氯乙烯绝缘电缆(简称YJV)、阻燃交联聚乙烯护套聚氯乙烯绝缘电缆(简称ZR-YJV)3种典型电缆进行了研究,分析了不同类型电缆的热释放特性、点燃特性、发烟特性和CO产生速率等参数差异,比较了不同电缆的阻燃性,并研究了辐射强度、电缆规格对同类型电缆热释放速率的影响。结果表明:ZR-YJV电缆由于阻燃剂的存在,综合火灾危险性较低,ZR-VV电缆综合火灾危险性较高;规格较大的(4×6mm2)电缆阻燃性能要好于规格较小的电缆(4×2.5mm2);电缆的第1个pkHRR随着辐射强度的增大而增大,并呈线性关系,ZR-YJV的pkHRR与辐射强度的相关性最大。This article intends to report the results of our experiments with the typical electric cables by using a cone-shape calorimeter. As is known, the statistical data of China fire-fighting service department reveal that, among all kinds of fires taking place in 2005, electric fire accounts for 21.9%, which has brought 32.2% of the total loss, letting alone the human casualty. The main reason for electric fires is the hidden fire hazards of electric wires or cables or electric appliances and apparatuses, which should account for enormous disastrous consequences. To study the combustion particular features of electric wires or cables, especially, the horizontal combustion features from the perspective of practical engineering application, it is of great importance to make clear the guiding principles or ideas in electric engineering design and their service targets, that is to say, it is of necessity to assess the fire protection behaviors, while developing such products for fire-protection and fire accidents prevention to guarantee life and property safety. In this paper, we have done a series of experiments by using cone-shape calorimeter to make clear the combustion features of the following three electric cables, that is, ZR-VV, YJV, ZR-YJV. Our analysis has been put on the combustion indexes, that is, the heat-releasing rate, the ignition feature, the smoke-releasing amount index, the toxicity-producing index, while comparison was made on the three electric cables. The results show that the ZR-YJV enjoys the best flame retardant index. The greater the surface area of the cable bundle, the sooner the first heat-releasing rate would reach its peak, and the better the flame retardancy tends to achieve. Furthermore, we have also made an analysis of the impact of radiation intensity on the heat-releasing rate, whose heat-releasing rate proves to increase with the increase of the radiation intensity, between which there exists a linear relation.

关 键 词：安全工程 电缆 锥形量热仪 热释放速率 阻燃性能 

分 类 号：TM215.13[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]