澳大利亚碳税立法及对我国的影响  

Australia＇s Clean Energy Act 2011 and its effects on Chinese stakeholders

作　　者：曹周华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术信息研究所,北京100038

出　　处：《全球科技经济瞭望》2012年第10期12-14,共3页Global Science，Technology and Economy Outlook

摘　　要：2011年10月，澳大利亚下议院通过了《清洁能源系列法案》，确定澳大利亚从2012年7月1日起开始征收碳税，这使澳大利亚成为继欧盟、新西兰之后第5个在全国范围内引入碳交易机制的发达国家。澳大利亚碳税征收对象为煤炭、钢铁及电力等行业的碳排放大户，所征收的税款将用于补偿受影响的家庭和企业及发展清洁能源。实施碳税，将有利于澳大利亚应对气候变化，转变经济发展模式，稳定国家投资政策。澳大利亚实施碳税，将提高我国从澳洲进口能矿产品的进口价格，加剧我国通胀的压力；但对我国节能照明、太阳能设备等的需求将显著上升；也为我国企业参与高碳排放行业的技术改造和重组带来新的投资合作机会。After years of bitter political wrangling, Australia＇s Senate approved the Clean Energy Act 2011 on October 12, 2011. The Act makes Australia the third developed country implementing carbon trade programs nationwide after EU and New Zealand. According to the Act, Australia will begin to levy carbon tax since July 1, 2012, targeting coal-fired power plants, iron and steel manufacturing with heavy carbon emissions. The levies are used to compensate for the affected families and enterprises and for the development of clean energy. The carbon tax policy is beneficial for Australian to cope with climate change, transfer its mode of economic development, and secure a stable investment policy. The implementation of the Act may facilitate the import of energy saving equipments from China and create new opportunities for Chinese enterprises to invest in technical transformation and corporate restructuring of Australia＇s high emission sectors. It may also promote the prices of mineral resources exported to China and increase its inflation pressure.

关 键 词：澳大利亚 碳税立法 清洁能源 气候变化 

分 类 号：F816.113.2[经济管理—财政学]