清初海南黎族勇武抗清原因分析  

An Analysis of the Reason why Hainan Li Nationality (黎族) Resisted the Qing in Early Qing Dynasty

作　　者：刘冬梅[1] 欧阳洁[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南大学社会科学研究中心,海南海口570228

出　　处：《史学集刊》2012年第6期104-108,共5页Collected Papers of History Studies

基　　金：海南省哲学社会科学规划课题"对清统治下海南社会若干历史问题的探究"(HNSK11-39);海南大学青年基金项目"清朝海南社会与黎族相关若干历史问题研究"(qnjj1051)

摘　　要：明末清初,海南岛黎族人民积极参与抗清活动,使海南成为南明及清初反清力量活动的主要区域。黎族勇武参与抗清活动有三方面原因:明朝实行的治黎政策深得民心;清军在南下过程中制造的屠城事件,尤其是实行"剃发令"的行为,给黎族人民造成了严重的心灵创伤,激发了他们的排清情绪;占据海南郡城的南明官将积极组织、利用黎民抗清。海南岛黎民在明末清初持续抗争的史事表明,清统治者在征服以及治理海南岛初期阶段,所实行的军事与行政管理措施尚有缺失,对少数民族地区的政治复杂性考虑不足。During the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, the Li nationality （黎族） on the Hainan island participated in anti - Qing activities positively, making Hainan become the main area of the anti - Qing forces during the late Southern Ming period. The Li nationality participated in the anti - Qing activities for three rea- sons： Firstly, the Ming Dynasty＇s governance policy of Hainan Li gained public approval. Secondly, the mas- sacre events made by Qing troops in the conquest of the South and the policy of ＂shaving off the hair＂ caused severe trauma to the Li people, which stimulated their anti - Qing emotions. Thirdly, the Southern Ming regime＇s officials and generals who occupied Hainan county city organized and used Hainan Li to resist the Qing Dynasty. The historical facts of the Hainan Li＇s continuing struggle against Qing showed that during the early stage of conquest and governance of Hainan Island, the military and the administrative measures taken by the Qing rulers still had serious defects, lacking of adequate consideration of the political complexity of the ar- eas inhabited by the minority nationalities.

关 键 词：海南黎族 清初 抗清 原因 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学]