栽培稻及其近缘野生种间杂交揭示杂草稻的起源  

Origin of Weedy Rice as Revealed by Hybridizations among Cultivated Rice and its Wild Relatives

作　　者：许红云[1] 熊海波[1] 朱骞[1] 石瑜敏[2] 王威豪[2] 刘百龙[2] 徐家星[1] 文建成[1] 李东宣[1] 陈丽娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学稻作研究所,昆明650201 [2]广西农业科学院水稻研究所,南宁530000

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2012年第6期1031-1036,共6页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30860057)

摘　　要：通过水稻种间、亚种间和品种间的杂交,在套袋隔离和自然授粉两种条件下,对其杂交亲本主要农艺性状类型及杂交后代群体中杂草稻发生频率、类型及主要特征以及杂草稻的发生趋势进行调查分析,直接验证和重演杂草稻起源的主要路径。杂草稻的主要特征为:颖壳褐色或金色,种皮红色,散穗、易落粒,中长芒或无芒。结果表明,如果以近缘野生种为亲本,在其F2群体中比较容易发生类似杂草稻的单株;杂交组合中杂草稻出现频率的大小依次为:杂草稻或野生稻/粳稻(44.16%)>杂草稻或野生稻/籼稻(27.84%)>籼稻/粳稻(3.30%)>籼稻/籼稻(1.41%)>粳稻/粳稻(0)。这一结果显示杂交亲本间遗传差异越大,在后代中出现杂草稻类型植株的频率就越高。套袋条件下,后代中杂草稻出现的频率为10.70%,而不套袋情况下为4.90%。The objectives of this study are to explore the occurrence and development of weedy rice by investigating the frequency of weedy rice, which occurred in the progenies of crosses amount wild rice species, typical weedy rice,rice subspecies and cuhivars. The results of this study indicated that wild and weedy rice showed brown or golden color of glum with or without awns and red pericarp,spreading type of panicles and shattering easily. A- nalysis for qualitative characteristics in F2 population suggested that the hybrid combinations with one of its parental line, which genetically nearer to its ancestry lines, would be prone to produce more weedy rice like plants. The fre- quencies of occurrence of weedy rice like plants in F2 population varied depending on the genetic similarities between the two parents. The more different between two parental lines are the more frequent weedy rice like plants produced. The sequence is as： weedy rice or wild rice/Japonica（44. 16% ） 〉 weedy rice or wild rice/Indica （ 27.84% ） 〉 lndica/Japonica （ 3.30 % ） 〉 Indica/Indica （ 1.41% ） 〉 Japonica^Japonica （0）. By bagging the pani- cle during flowering,the occurrence of weedy rice in the Fz population would be as high as 10.70% ,while 4.90% of without bagging for the same hybrid combinations, indicating that certain degree of out-crossing would be relatively reduce the occurrence of weedy rice in the F2 population. A road map for occurrence and population development of weedy rice was discussed. Method of effective control of weedy rice was also proposed.

关 键 词：有害生物 杂草稻 野生稻 籼稻 粳稻 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]