乌兰格木与中国沙棘杂交新品种选育与评价  

Hybrids Breeding and Evaluation of H.rhamnoides subsp.mongolica×H.rhamnoides subsp.sinensis for Multipurpose Use

作　　者：段爱国[1] 张建国[1] 罗红梅[2] 李健雄[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所/国家林业局林木培育重点实验室,北京100091 [2]中国林业科学研究院磴口沙漠林业实验中心,内蒙古磴口015200

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2012年第6期1093-1100,共8页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：中国林业科学研究院林业研究所重点项目(ZD200904);科技部农业科技成果转化资金项目(2009GB24320470)

摘　　要：以引进的蒙古大果沙棘乌兰格木为母本,中国沙棘为父本,于1995年开展了杂交选育研究,共选育出45个优良单株。入选的优良杂种单株大部分的树高、地径、冠幅均显著高于母本乌兰格木,但低于父本中国沙棘。杂种2年生枝棘刺数为0～6个,界于父母本之间。优良杂种单株果实百果质量为20.10～63.17g,其中8个单株出现超亲现象,其余均明显小于母本,但较中国沙棘提高0～206.75%。综合评价结果表明,所选优良杂种单株生态适应性、经济价值分别明显高于母本引进品种、父本中国沙棘,生态经济价值十分优良。In order to improve seabuckthorn for both fruit production and rise in soil erosion control, Chinese Seabuckthorn （H. rhamnoides subsp, sinensis） as male parent was crossed with Mongolian Seabuckthorn （H. rham- noides subsp, mongolica） as female parent. The Mongolian cultivar has large fruits and few or nearly no thorn. Cross- breeding trial was started in 1995. Forty-five hybrid individual trees were selected in 1997. Experimental results in- dicated that the selected 45 hybrids were most significantly larger than the female parents in height, ground diameter and crown width, but most smaller than the male parents. The number of thorns in 2-year-old branches of the hybrids was 0-6,falling between the numbers of thorns in male and female parents. The 100-berryweight of hybrids was 20. 10- 63.17g, except for eight individuals which showed exceeding parent fact, most significantly smaller than that of the female parents,but 0 -206.75% larger than that of the Chinese cultivars. Compared with their parents, The results showed that the hybrids were intermediate in most characters. It also indicated significant correlation of 100-berryweight with berry length,width and length of fruit stem. 1000-seed weight was significantly correlated with length and width, and great significantly with thickness. Comprehensive evaluation results showed that the ecological adaptability and economic value of the selected hybrid individual trees were obviously higher than female parent and male parent respectively, and the ecological and economic value of the selected hybrids was excellent.

关 键 词：沙棘 蒙古沙棘 中国沙棘 杂交育种 生态经济型 

分 类 号：S793.6[农业科学—林木遗传育种]