酸固化剂对酚醛泡沫材料性能的影响  

Effect of Acid Curing Agents on Properties of Phenolic Foams

作　　者：马玉峰[1] 张伟[1] 王春鹏[1] 储富祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所,生物质化学利用国家工程实验室,国家林业局林产化学工程重点开放性实验室,江苏省生物质能源与材料重点实验室,南京210042

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2012年第11期77-81,共5页Engineering Plastics Application

基　　金：林木资源化学深加工关键技术研究及示范项目(2012BAD24B04);浙江省省院合作林业科技项目(2009SY01)

摘　　要：以多聚甲醛代替部分甲醛溶液制备高固体含量可发性酚醛树脂,在70℃发泡制备酚醛泡沫塑料。研究了酸固化剂的种类对酚醛泡沫塑料的密度、固化速度、力学性能、易碎性能、阻燃性能、热稳定性和微观结构的影响。结果表明,以盐酸、磷酸、对甲苯磺酸、水复配的酸固化剂基本符合酸固化剂的选择标准,制备的酚醛泡沫塑料性能较优,密度为51.82 kg/m3,初始分解温度为155℃,900℃时的质量保持率为52.6%,弯曲及压缩强度分别为0.2,0.355 MPa,掉渣率为25.7%,氧指数为48.5%,孔径分布在100～200μm的范围内。Paraformaldehyde was used to instead of formaldehyde to prepare high solids content and expandable phenolic resins, and phenolic resins were used to prepare phenolic foams at 70℃. The influence of acid curing agents on the densities, curing velocity, mechanical properties, fragility, flame resistance, thermal stability and microstructure of the foams was investigated. The results showed that the blended acid curing agent （ hydrochloric acid/phosphoric acid/para-toluenesulfonic acid/water ） gave best properties of phenolic foams, according to selection criteria of the curing agent for the phenolic foams. The phenolic foams with density of 51.82 kg/m^3, initial decomposition temperature of 155 %, quality retention of 52.6% at 900℃, bending and compression strength of 0.2 MPa and 0.355 MPa, dregs rate of 25.7%, oxygen index of 48.5%, bubble pore size distribution within the range of 100 - 200 p~ m was obtained.

关 键 词：酚醛泡沫塑料 酸固化剂 力学性能 阻燃性能 微观结构 

分 类 号：TQ328.2[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]