高分散性SiO_2/PMMA复合材料的制备与表征——SiO_2在纤维内的分散  

PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SILICA/PMMA COMPOSITES WITH HIGHLY DISPERSED SILICA——DISPERSION OF SILICA IN FIBER

作　　者：戚栋明[1] 张睿[1] 徐杰[1] 申兴丛[1] 吴明华[1] 杨雷[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学、生态染整技术教育部工程研究中心、先进纺织材料与制备技术教育部重点实验室,杭州310018

出　　处：《高分子学报》2012年第11期1257-1263,共7页Acta Polymerica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(基金号50803058;51273182);浙江省自然科学基金(基金号Y4100221)资助项目

摘　　要：将复杂接枝(接枝率为1540.3%)、简单接枝(接枝率为484.4%)和未接枝3种具有不同接枝交联结构的SiO2/聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)复合材料作为无机预分散母料,通过与PMMA树脂的溶液共混,制得一系列PMMA/SiO2/N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)高分子溶液,再将其应用于静电纺丝制备相应的电纺复合纤维.发现,只有简单接枝复合材料所制共混高分子溶液具有较好的可纺性,且通过纺丝工艺和配方的改变,即可较方便地调控电纺纤维的尺寸和SiO2含量.进一步通过粒度分析(DLS)、扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)考察SiO2在高分子溶液和电纺复合纤维内的分散状态;通过超声水洗、氢氟酸刻蚀并结合马弗炉锻烧实验,定量评估SiO2在电纺复合纤维体系各部分中的分布情况.结果表明,通过上述简单过程,即可较方便地实现绝大部分简单接枝SiO2在PMMA/DMF高分子溶液和PMMA电纺纤维内初级粒子形式的高度均匀稳定分散.A series of silica/poly （methyl methacrylate） grafting composites （SiO2/PMMA） with different grafting and crosslinking structures were used to prepare poly （methyl methacrylate）/silica （PMMA/SiO2） composite fiber via solution blending and electrospinning processes. The dispersion of silica in PMMA/DMF solution and in PMMA/SiO2 composite fiber, the distribution of silica in electrospun products and the morphological characteristics of electrospun fiber were measured by dynamic light scattering （DLS） , scanning and transmission electron microscopy （SEM ＆ TEM ）, as well as ultrasonic washing and HF etching experiments. It was found that only the simple-grafted silica with grafting percentage of 484.4% is suitable for preparing electrospun fiber. More than 90% of simple-grafted silica particles can be effectively encapsulated in PMMA/SiO2 electrospun composite fiber, and thus the entire cross section of PMMA/SiO2 electrospun fiber was filled by simple-grafted silica at a primary-particles size level. The above results are favorable for achieving the primary-particles-size-level-dispersion of functional inorganic particles in sub-micron level fiber, and thus can be used to guide the production of functional composite fiber.

关 键 词：纳米SIO2 接枝 静电纺丝 分散性 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]