南方红壤区强降雨下不同农路水蚀过程及其防蚀效应  

Erosion Processes and Anti-erosion Effects of Different Farm Roads Under Heavy Rain in Red Soil Region of Southern China

作　　者：武艺[1] 郑海金[1] 肖胜生[1] 汪邦稳[1] 欧阳辉[1] 段剑[2] 

机构地区：[1]江西省水土保持科学研究所,江西南昌330029 [2]江西农业大学国土资源与环境学院,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2012年第5期17-21,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：水利公益性行业科研专项(200901049;201001055)

摘　　要：为防治农路水土流失,以南方红壤区江西水土保持生态科技园为研究区,通过野外调查选择4种典型农路(裸露土路、碎石道路、泥结石路和植草土路)设置12个原位试验小区,采用人工模拟降雨试验研究3.0mm/min强降雨条件下不同农路水蚀过程及其防蚀效应。结果表明:农路的路面被高强度压实,容重较大,比重也较大。农路路面水分入渗率经历了急剧减小后再稳定的过程,以泥结石路、裸露土路和植草土路表现尤为明显。农路产流后泥沙含量在较短时间内即达到峰值,随即迅速下降。与裸露土质路面相比,泥结石路、碎石道路和植草土路的减水效果并不明显,最大只有14.1%;但减沙效益明显,最低也可达40%左右。该研究结果为南方红壤区坡耕地农路基础设施配套建设和水土保持规划提供了科学参考。In order to illustrate the erosion processes and anti-erosion effects of different farm roads in red soil region of southern China,4 farm roads,i.e.the bare unpaved road,the stone covered road,the stone and grass covered road and the grass covered road,were selected on the representative area named Jiangxi Eco-science Park of Soil and Water Conservation.12 rainfall simulation experiments with an intensity of 3.0 mm/min were carried out on the selected roads.The roads＇ pavements were compacted tightly,with big bulk density and large proportion.The water infiltration rate of the farm road,especially the stone and grass covered road,the bare unpaved road and the grass covered road,experienced a sharp decrease to a stable process.After a short period of time,sediment concentration of the farm road reached a peak then dropped quickly.Compared with the bare unpaved road,effects on water conservation of the stone and grass covered road,the stone covered road and the grass covered road were not obvious,and the maximum was only 14.1%.But,the benefits of sediment reduction were obvious,and the lowest was up to about 40%.This study results provide a scientific reference for comprehensive management of small watershed and the construction of agricultural road infrastructure in red soil region of southern China.

关 键 词：农路 水蚀过程 防蚀效应 南方红壤区 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]