适应白洋淀湿地健康评价的IBI方法  

An index of biological integrity:developing the methodology for assessing the health of the Baiyangdian wetland

作　　者：陈展[1] 林波[1] 尚鹤[1] 李勇[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所,国家林业局森林生态环境重点实验室,北京100091 [2]天津自然博物馆,天津300074

出　　处：《生态学报》2012年第21期6619-6627,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家林业局948项目(2008-4-37);科技部国家重点基础研究发展计划项目专题(2006CB403307)资助

摘　　要：IBI指数法是美国湿地生态系统健康评价的常用方法之一,在国内应用较少,目前为止只有少数学者尝试了底栖动物完整性指数(B-IBI)和鱼类完整性指数进行河流生态系统健康评价。试图建立适合白洋淀地区的生物完整性指数湿地健康状况评价的方法。在白洋淀的23个淀区进行土壤、水体、植物的实地调查与采样分析。根据已有研究所选择的植物属性,选择了30个植物属性作为备选参数。通过考察备选参数与人类干扰的相关性,最后确定了9个对人类干扰敏感的IBI参数。通过分析,建立了适合白洋淀湿地健康评价的标准:IBI,35—45,好;27—34,一般;19—26,差;<18,极差。评价结果表明,白洋淀23个淀区中,6个健康状况好,5个一般,7个差,5个很差。Wetlands are valuable resources for sustaining biological diversity, but unfortunately they have historically diminished in both quantity and quality. However, little is known about the degree to which the biology of wetlands changes in response to human disturbances. Recently, wetland condition has been assessed using functional assessment methods. Although functional assessment methods include a function for support of wildlife habitat, they usually do not directly measure the biological communities in wetlands and therefore cannot substitute for a biological assessment method. Indexes of biological integrity （IBis） are one of the most commonly used methods by federal and state agencies in the United States to assess the health condition of wetlands. The IBI approach provides a direct measure of aquatic life that is represented by diverse natural flora and faunal communities. Many groups of organisms have been used as indicators to estimate environmental quality. IBis have rarely been applied in China; they have been reported only in a small number of studies that evaluated the health of stream ecosystems by means of Benthic-IBI and Fish-IBI. Vascular plants are quickly emerging as one of the best indicators of human-mediated disturbances in the environment, and yet no plant-IBI approach has been used to assess wetland health in China. In this study, we developed a plant-based IBI （P-IBI） to evaluate the condition of the Baiyangdian wetland in response to anthropogenic disturbances. Soil, water, and plant samples were collected from 23 sites in the Baiyangdian wetland during field surveys in 2009 and 2010. Thirty vegetation community composition metrics were evaluated, and nine were eventually selected based on the strength of their correlation with the human disturbance gradient. These metrics included： Percentage of native species; Percentage of perennial species; Number of genera of native perennial plant species ; Percentage of monocotyledon species ; Number of aquatic guild species ; Number of

关 键 词：白洋淀 湿地健康评价 IBI 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]