北黄海秋、冬季浮游动物多样性及年间变化  

Zooplankton diversity and its variation in the Northern Yellow Sea in the autumn and winter of 1959,1982 and 2009

作　　者：杨青[1] 王真良[1] 樊景凤[1] 邵魁双[1] 李宏俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋环境监测中心,大连116023

出　　处：《生态学报》2012年第21期6747-6754,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：海洋公益性行业科研专项(201005015);国家青年科学基金项目(41106116);国家海洋局近岸海域生态环境重点实验室资助项目(201003)

摘　　要：2009年秋、冬季在北黄海全海域121°30'—124°00'E、37°30'—40°00'N范围开展了浮游动物多样性监测及年间变化研究,探讨浮游动物多样性对海流及全球变化的指示。共鉴定出浮游动物8大类28种(不含6大类浮游幼虫和鱼卵仔鱼),类群组成以暖温性近岸种和广温广盐种为主,兼有少量冷温性和暖水性外海种。聚类分析将浮游动物群落划分为:北黄海高盐水团群落、北黄海混合水团群落、北黄海沿岸低盐水团群落。2009年秋、冬季在北黄海均监测到暖水种小齿海樽和肥胖箭虫,前者形成秋季浮游动物优势种,但1959年调查显示它们向北分布不能抵达北黄海,这些暖水种的向北扩布可能预示着黄海暖流的增强。2009年秋、冬季北黄海主要暖温种中华哲水蚤和强壮箭虫丰度也较1959年同期有所升高。研究表明全球变化影响下温带海域北黄海浮游动物暖水种种类增加、分布北移,暖温种丰度升高,这与亚热带海域东海浮游动物对气候变暖的响应模式不同,能够为浮游动物对全球变暖的区域响应机制研究提供参考资料。Zooplankton species diversity was monitored in the Northern Yellow Sea （121°30＇--124°00＇E,37°30＇--40°00＇ N） in the autumn and winter of 2009. Based on comparisons with historic data 1959 and 1982, the variation of zooplankton diversity was analyzed. The connection between zooplankton diversity and sea currents and global change was also revealed. Zooplankton samples were collected with a plankton net （mesh size 500 μm） in the Northern Yellow Sea （NYS）. A total of 28 species belonging to 8 classes （excluding zooplankton larva and juveniles, fish eggs, and fish larvae） were collected. Warm-temperate and eurythermal species constituted the majority of zooplankton in the NYS and only a small number of cold-temperate and subtropical species were found. Based on zooplankton species composition at each station, community classifications were analyzed using CLUSTER analysis and the SIMPROF test （ Primer 6.0 software）. Three zooplankton communities were distinguished as：the NYS High Salinity Water Community, the NYS Mixed Water Community and the NYS Coastal Water Community. In the autumn and winter of 2009, the warm water species Doliolum denticulatum and Sagitta enflata were observed in the NYS. The average abundance of D. denticulatum was 81. 00 ind/m3 and 0. 06 ind/m3 in autumn and winter, respectively. The frequency of occurrence was 57. was 0.24 ind/m3 and 0.37 incl/m3 in autumn and 1% in autumn and 7.1% in winter. The average abundance of S. enflata winter, respectively. The frequency of occurrence was 14.3% in and 50.0% in winter. Notably, in autumn of 2009, D. denticulatum became one of the dominant zooplankton species in the NYS. In the same season during 1959, the northward distribution limit of these warm water species did not reach the NYS. The northward expansion of these warm water species might reveal the reinforcement of the Yellow Sea Warm Current （YSWC） from the impacts of climate change. Calanus sinicus and S. crassa were the main warm-temperate species and domina

关 键 词：浮游动物 物种多样性 年间变化 全球变化 北黄海 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]