孵化温度对双斑锦蛇初生幼体行为和呼吸代谢的影响  

Effect of incubation temperature on behavior and metabolism in the Chinese cornsnake,Elaphe bimaculata

作　　者：曹梦洁[1] 祝思[1] 蔡若茹[1] 毛飞[1] 林隆慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]杭州师范大学生科院杭州市动物适应与进化重点实验室,杭州310036

出　　处：《生态学报》2012年第21期6836-6841,共6页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31070339);浙江省重点科技创新团队项目(2010R50039)

摘　　要：以双斑锦蛇(Elaphe bimaculata)为对象,在24、27和30℃下孵化双斑锦蛇卵,研究孵化温度对孵出幼蛇吐信频次、选择体温、二氧化碳代谢量、生长过程中的呼吸代谢、初次摄食个体数和初次摄食量的影响。结果显示:孵化温度对双斑锦蛇孵出幼蛇的各项行为指标均没有显著影响。自幼蛇孵出至体内剩余卵黄消耗完这一时间段内,呼吸代谢产生的二氧化碳量逐步减少到最低值。24、27和30℃孵化温度下孵出幼体呼吸每分钟所产生的CO2量分别为10.58、12.06和10.88μL;初次摄食量分别为4.92、4.34和3.60 g,各温度下摄食个体的数目分别约占该温度下孵出幼体总数的46.2%、56.3%和40%。鉴于3个温度处理下孵出幼体的各项指标均无显著差异,24—30℃是双斑锦蛇适宜生存的温度区间。Elaphe bimaculata （Colubridae） is a small rat snake （60--80 cm） found in China. We collected adult E. bimaculata from a population in Jiangsu, Eastern China, to study the effect of incubation temperature on hatchlings＇ metabolism and behavior. We incubated the eggs at their constant temperatures （24, 27 and 30 ℃ ）. All hatchlings were used to evaluate the response to chemical cues, respiration metabolism and sex determination. Because physiological and behavioral performances are highly sensitive to variation in body temperature in reptiles, we conducted all trials at the body temperature of 28 ℃. This was achieved by placing hatchlings in an incubator at the test temperature for approximately 1 h prior to the test. We presented a cotton-tipped applicator soaked with cologne water to the lip of hatchlings and recorded tongue flicks for 1 min. Tongue flicking was measured because many reptiles flick their tongues frequently to detect both predators and prey and to gather information about other members of their own species. This behavioral character is therefore a potentially important indicator of fitness. Selected body temperature was examined in a 100 cm × 60 cm × 60 cm terrarium covered with sand, sward and pieces of clay tiles. The terrarium was placed in constant temperature rooms where the temperature was set at 24 ℃. One light bulb （200 W） suspended above one end created a thermal gradient ranging from room temperature to 50 ℃ for 12h daily, and lights were switched on at 07：00 h. Snakes were moved from the cool side into the terrarium at 10：00 h and, 24 h later, they were measured for body temperature （cloacal temperature, Tb） at 13：00 h using a UT-325 electronic thermometer （made in Taiwan） individually, which had an external thermal probe and was previously calibrated with a standard thermometer. Great care was taken to avoid heat transfer occurring between hands and the measuring snake. Hereafter, we continuously measured the temperature of hatchling snakes fo

关 键 词：游蛇科 双斑锦蛇 代谢率 选择体温 孵化温度 吐信频次 

分 类 号：Q41[生物学—生理学]