高氟环境对奶牛生产和繁殖性能的影响  

Effect of Excessive Fluoride Environment on Productivity and Reproductive Performance in Dairy Cows

作　　者：韩博[1] 史言[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学动物医学院,南京210095 [2]东北农业大学动物医学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《上海环境科学》2000年第7期330-332,共3页Shanghai Environmental Sciences

摘　　要：通过检测宁夏某地奶牛内外环境中的饮水、饲料和土壤氟、硒、铜及血氟、毛氟、尿氟和全血硒、铜,证实该场奶牛高氟低硒低铜。日粮添加0.26mg/kg硒和3.2mg/kg铜,连续饲喂3个月,低硒低铜现象消失,但高氟仍旧存在。高氟使奶牛子宫复旧时间、首次发情时间和产后配妊天数分别延长6.6d、6d和38.5d,产后孕酮含量始终低于健康奶牛。同时,奶牛胎衣不下发病率和乳房炎发病率分别高于健康奶牛16.7％和13.3％,头日均产奶量减少0.8kg,说明高氟环境影响奶牛的生产性能和繁殖性能。Examination on dairy cows fluoride, selenium and copper contents in external environment, such as drinking water, feedstuff and soil, and internal environment, such as serum or blood, hair and urine, have been conducted. It was confirmed that the dairy cows have excessive fluoride and low selenium/copper. While dairy cows were fed diets daily supplemented with selenium 0.25mg/kg and copper 3.2mg/kg for 3 months, the selenium and copper deficiency disappeared, but high fluoride still existed, the uterine recovery time, first estrous time and postpar-tum mating time prolonged for 6.6 days, 6 days and 38.5 days in excessive fluoride dairy cows respectively, and postpartum progesterone contents were less than the healthy cows. Meanwhile, the morbidity of retained placenta and mastitis in excessive fluoride cows were higher 16.7% and 13.3% than the healthy cows, the average daily milk yield per cow decreased 0.8kg. It was concluded that excessive fluorine affects the dairy cows, production and reproductive performance.

关 键 词：奶牛 生产性能 繁殖性能 高氟环境 环境影响 

分 类 号：X835.01[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X828