深部开采陷落范围的预测与控制方法  

The Method for Predicting and Controlling the Range of Surface Subsidence During Deep Ore-Body Mining

作　　者：李海英[1] 任凤玉[1] 陈晓云[2] 宫国慧[2] 

机构地区：[1]东北大学资源与土木工程学院,辽宁沈阳110819 [2]鞍钢集团矿业公司弓长岭矿业公司,辽宁辽阳111007

出　　处：《东北大学学报（自然科学版）》2012年第11期1624-1627,共4页Journal of Northeastern University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技攻关项目(2008BAB34B01);国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(50934006)

摘　　要：按已往的错动角圈定地表陷落范围的传统方法,不适用于深部开采.因此,从维持塌陷坑侧壁岩体稳定性的角度,分析了塌陷坑内移动散体的侧向支撑力作用,当塌陷坑散体的厚度不小于临界散体柱高度时,散体的主动压力与被动压力共同阻止边壁岩体的片落活动.通过分析弓长岭井下矿塌陷区的实测数据,得出临界散体柱的高度主要与围岩稳定性、采空区倾角、散体内磨擦角及岩体碎胀系数有关.在深部开采中,用矿山固体废料填充地表塌陷坑,由此降低临界深度,可有效控制地表陷落范围,并给出了陷落角与采深的关系式.The surface subsidence range induced by underground mining is commonly predicted by angle of breakage, and this traditional method is not suitable for deep ore-body mining. The actual subsidence range was measured in Gongchangling iron mine and the lateral abutment stress from the moving loosened medium in the subsidence pit was analyzed. As a result, it is showed that the range of surface subsidence is mainly controlled by a critical medium column that could sustain the stability of lateral rock mass, and the factors related to the height of critical medium column are stability of surrounding rockmass, angle of mined-out area, internal friction angle of granular media and the bulking coefficient of rockmass. Accordingly, the measure to controlling surface subsidence range is proposed, and timely backfilling of the subsidence pit with some solid waste materials obtained from the mine production could decrease the critical depth. A formula of subsidence angle is derived from the relation between angle of breakage, depth of mining and height of critical medium column.

关 键 词：深部采空区 移动散体压力 临界散体柱 陷落范围控制 

分 类 号：TD325.4[矿业工程—矿井建设]