知识型员工创业进入与在位企业的研发激励——来自中国高技术产业的证据  

Knowledge employee spinoff entry and the R&D incentive of incumbent: evidence from China high-tech industries

作　　者：陈艳莹[1] 杨文璐[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学经济学院,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《科学学研究》2012年第11期1707-1714,1734,共9页Studies in Science of Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(08BJY120);霍英东教育基金会资助项目(121081);中央高校基本科研业务费资助(DUT12RW302)

摘　　要：文章从衍生企业与原有企业的技术关联入手,将高技术产业中的知识型员工创业进入分为替代性和互补性两类,分析不同性质的创业进入对在位企业研发激励的影响差异,并以产业集聚度作为工具变量,对我国高技术产业13个细分行业2003-2008年的面板数据进行实证检验。结果表明,如果知识型员工创办的衍生企业通过技术复制和窃取与在位企业形成替代关系,创业进入会降低在位企业的研发激励,只有二者在技术上具有互补关系,在位企业的研发激励才会因进入而提高。现阶段我国高技术产业中以替代性为主的知识型员工创业进入确实抑制了在位企业的研发激励,不利于产业整体技术创新和动态效率的提升。因此,各级政府不应一味鼓励知识型员工的创业行为,而需要采取有效措施,对其进行正确的引导和规范。From the technology correlativity between spinoff and incumbent, knowledge employee entry in the high- tech industry can be divided into substitutional and complementary entry. This paper analyzed different kinds of entries＇ effects on incumbent＇ s R＆D in- centive, and applied an IV approach to examine a panel data （2003 - 2008） in high - tech industries of China. The results show that, if knowledge staffs found new ventures through technological duplication and are substitutes for incumbent, entry by spinoff will reduce the incumbent＇ s R＆D incentive; only if spinoff and incumbent are complementary in technology, the incumbent＇ s R＆D incentive will improve. Currently, substitutional knowledgeable employee entry into high - tech industries in China really suppresses incumbent＇ s R＆D incentive, and goes against the improvement of whole industry＇ s technology innovation and dynamic efficiency. So governments should not merely encourage the knowledge staff＇s entrepreneurial behavior, but need to take effective measures to guide and regulate entry by spinoff.

关 键 词：创业进入 在位企业 研发激励 技术关联 

分 类 号：F062.9[经济管理—政治经济学]