饲料脂肪水平对梭鱼生长、营养物质消化及体组成的影响  

Effects of dietary lipid levels on growth,nutrient digestibility and body composition of Chelon haematocheilus

作　　者：张春暖[1,2] 王爱民[2] 刘文斌[1] 杨文平[2] 於叶兵[2] 齐志涛[2] 张微微[1] 王莹[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学动物科技学院,江苏省水产动物营养重点实验室,江苏南京210095 [2]盐城工学院海洋技术系,江苏省沿海池塘养殖生态重点实验室,江苏盐城224051

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2012年第5期1088-1095,共8页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江苏省2011年度科技型企业技术创新基金项目(BC2011423)

摘　　要：为了探讨梭鱼对脂肪的适宜需求量,研究了饲料中添加不同水平的鱼油对梭鱼生长、营养物质消化和体组成的影响。360尾梭鱼鱼种[均重(5.4±0.2)g]随机分为6组,每组3个重复,每个重复20尾鱼,分别投喂脂肪含量为2.71%、5.79%、8.23%、11.85%、14.39%和16.91%(每组分别添加鱼油0、3%、6%、9%、12%和15%)的饲料,饲养60 d。结果:肝体比14.39%组和16.91%组显著高于其他4组(P<0.05),其他4组之间的差异不显著(P>0.05)。随着饲料脂肪水平的升高,梭鱼的增重率和特定生长率,呈先升高后下降的趋势,8.23%组最高;饲料系数8.23%组最低;蛋白质效率不断升高,16.91%组显著高于2.71%组和5.79%组(P<0.05),其他各组差异不显著(P>0.05)。饲料脂肪水平对干物质和粗蛋白质的表观消化率影响不显著(P>0.05),而随着饲料脂肪水平的增加粗脂肪的表观消化率不断升高,16.91%组显著高于2.71%组(P<0.05)。全鱼脂肪含量14.39%组和16.91%组显著高于2.71%组(P<0.05),其他各组之间差异不显著(P>0.05);各组肌肉中脂肪含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。结论:饲料脂肪水平影响梭鱼的部分形体指标,尤其对肝脏形体的影响较为明显;增加饲料中的脂肪含量可促进梭鱼对饲料中脂肪的消化,高脂肪饲料能使全鱼的脂肪沉积量增加,但是减少肌肉中的水分和粗蛋白质的含量;根据二次回归分析结果,梭鱼对脂肪的适宜需求量为9.30%～9.64%。In order to determine the optimal demand of lipid for Chelon haematocheilus,the effects of various levels of fish oil added to diets on growth,apparent digestibility coefficients and body composition of Chelon haematocheilus.Three hundred and sixty Chelon haematocheilus fingerlings with initial body weights of（5.4±0.2） g were randomly divided into 3 groups（3 duplicates for each group,and 20 fish in one duplicate）.The fish were fed diets with six levels of crude lipid at 2.71%,5.79%,8.23%,11.85%,14.39% and 16.91% by adding 0,3%,6%,9%,12% and 15% fish oil.The results showed that the hepatosomatic indexes of 14.39% group and 16.91% group were significantly higher than that of other four groups（P0.05）,and there was no significant difference in other four groups（P0.05）.The weight gain rate and special growth ratio firstly increased and lately decreased with increased dietary lipid levels.The highest weight gain was found in the 8.23% group,and the lowest feed conversion ratio also appeared in the 8.23% group.Protein efficiency ratio increased with increased dietary lipid levels.Protein efficiency ratio of the 16.91% group was significantly higher than that of 2.71% group and 5.79% group（P0.05）,and there was no significant difference in other groups（P0.05）.Dietary lipid levels had no significant effects on the digestibility of dry matter and crude protein（P0.05）.With the increase of dietary lipid levels,the apparent digestibility of the 16.91% group was significantly higher than that of 2.71% group（P0.05）,the lipid content of whole body rose,with the 14.39% group and 16.91% group significantly higher than the 2.71% group（P0.05）.There was no significant difference of muscle lipid content in other four groups（P0.05）.It was concluded that dietary lipid levels affected partial body indexes as well,especially the hepatosomatic index;the digestion of crude fat was improved by the addition of lipid in diet,and excessive lipid in diet made the whole body fat deposition increase and the

关 键 词：梭鱼 脂肪水平 增重率 表观消化率 体组成 

分 类 号：S965.234[农业科学—水产养殖]