从古汉语异读看“名物化”的形式标志  

Nominalization Marker Forms in Ancient Chinese

作　　者：王月婷 

机构地区：[1]浙江工商大学人文学院,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《西南交通大学学报（社会科学版）》2012年第6期23-28,共6页Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目"古汉语变读规律及不变读原因研究"(12CYY032);教育部人文社科青年基金项目"古汉语变读构词问题的进一步探讨"(11YJC740110)

摘　　要：动词、形容词作主语或宾语(包括动词作定语)的时候跟作别种成分时性质不一样,可用"名物化"这一术语称说之。从古汉语异读来看,动词、形容词发生"名物化"时,一般由非去声变读为去声,这是"名物化"在语音形式上的标志。动词"名物化"后可以用来指称动作,但与表示动作发出者、承受者、工具等的一般名词不同。在现代汉语中,有些动词"名物化"后进一步发展为名词。由此来看,"名物化"的说法是有一定道理的,它体现了"动词—指称—名词"的发展历程。在少数民族语言中,动词、形容词的"名物化"也有形式上的标志。When verbs and the adjective are used as subjects or objects and verbs as attributives, they are nominalized. The nominalization of verbs and adjectives generally leads to the change of tones to the falling ones （去声）. The falling tone is the expression of nominalization in sound. The nominalization of verbs indicates action and the verbs serves as indication of agent, patient, and tools etc. In Modern Chinese ,verbal Nominalization further develop into nouns. Thus ＂Nominalization＂ is reasonable to some extent. It is the embodiment of the process that a verb become a noun. In languages of ethnic groups, verbal nominalization and adjective nominalization have phonetic form tags.

关 键 词：古汉语 异读 名物化 现代汉语 少数民族语言 

分 类 号：H141[语言文字—汉语]