蒙古黄芪种子水浸液对不同种党参种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响  

Effect of Astragalus membranaceus var.mongholicus seed extracts on seed germination and seedling growth of different Codonopsis pilosula caltiver

作　　者：郭凤霞[1] 武志江[1] 陈垣[1,2] 席倬霞 张小虎 姚立荣 陈翔[4] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学甘肃省作物遗传改良与种质创新重点实验室植物生产类实验教学中心甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室生命科学技术学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州730070 [3]甘肃扶正药业科技股份有限公司,甘肃定西743000 [4]上海师范大学旅游学院,上海200234

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2012年第22期3375-3380,共6页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAI37B03);国家中医药管理局第四次全国中药资源普查项目(201207002-02-12);甘肃农业大学教学研究项目;甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室开放基金项目(05);校企合作项目;企业创新基金项目(10C2616203384)

摘　　要：目的:揭示蒙古黄芪种子的化感作用,并为探寻黄芪和党参间套种植提供信息。方法:对蒙古黄芪种子用蒸馏水浸种不同时间(12,24,36,48,60 h),以未浸提的蒸馏水(0 h)为对照,研究其浸提液对纹党参和白条党参2个党参种种子萌发及幼苗生长发育的影响。结果:蒙古黄芪种子中存在一定的化感物质,其种子水浸液对不同种党参种子萌发和幼苗生长发育均具有极显著影响,且在2个种中均表现一致趋势。随着浸种时间的延长,对不同种党参种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和活力指数均先促进后抑制,浸种24 h的蒙古黄芪种子水浸液可极显著改善不同种党参种子的萌发特性,而浸种60 h的水浸液均出现不同程度的抑制。浸提60 h内的浸提液对不同种党参幼苗地上部分生长均具有显著促进作用,但却显著抑制幼根伸长生长,随浸提时间的延长,促进作用减弱但抑制作用增强,对党参种(白条党参)的抑制作用更显著。结论:蒙古黄芪种子内存在一定化感物质,在种皮未受损条件下,水浸提24 h后才开始浸提出其内源抑制物质,破除休眠提高发芽率。建议黄芪田可间套作适宜比例的党参,但要注意党参的配置比例因栽培种不同而异。Objective： To reveal the allelopathy effect of Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus seeds and provide infor- mation for the intererop production. Method： The A. membranaceus, var. mongholicus seeds were soaked in distilled water for differ- ent time （ 12, 24, 36, 48, 60 h）, and then the seed extracts were used to study their effects on the seed germination, seedling growth and development of two Codonopsis pilosula. Result： The A. membranaceus var. mongholicus seeds contained some allelopathy com- pounds. Their soaked liqnid had significantly influence on the seed germination and seedling growth of C. pilosula. The seed germina- tion rate, germination power, germination index and vigor index of two C. pilosula calrivar were improved and then inhabited with soa- king time elongation. The extract soaking for 24 h significantly improved the germination traits but the extract for 60 h appeared differ- ent degrees of inhibiting vigor. The seed extracts soaking ranging between 12 and 60 h all significantly improved the above plant growth of C. pilosula but significant inhibited their radicle growth in length. And with the soaking time elongation the facilitation effect weak- ened and the inhibiting effect enhanced, especially more significant in the C. pilosula caltivar （Baitiaodangshen）. Conclusion： The A. membranaceus var. mongholicus seeds have allelopathic compounds and the endogenous inhibitor can be extracted when soaked for more than 24 h in water with intact seeds, resulting in improvement of seed germination rate. The C. pilosula could be intercropped in A. merr＆ra- naceus var. mongholicus field, however, when intercroped it should notice that the intercrop proportion should vary with the caltivar.

关 键 词：蒙古黄芪 种子浸提液 党参 发芽 幼苗生长发育 化感作用 

分 类 号：S567.53[农业科学—中草药栽培]