柑橘花瓣灰霉病诱导的果面疤痕研究  

Investigation of surface defect of Citrus fruits caused by Botrytis-Molded petals

作　　者：朱丽[1] 王兴红[1] 黄峰[1] 侯欣[1] 肖紫兰[1] 蒲占旭[2] 黄振东[2] 李红叶[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学生物技术研究所,浙江杭州310029 [2]浙江省柑橘研究所,浙江台州317400

出　　处：《果树学报》2012年第6期1074-1077,F0004,共5页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：现代农业(柑橘)产业技术体系(MATS)专项经费

摘　　要：【目的】为了解柑橘花瓣灰霉病是否与成熟果实表面疤痕有关、所形成疤痕的特征以及灰霉病菌的种类,【方法】通过终花期挂牌跟踪调查、人工接菌试验和喷药防治,综合分析花瓣灰霉病与果面疤痕的关系及疤痕特征。【结果】结果表明,柑橘花瓣可受灰霉病菌感染而腐烂,腐烂花瓣不易脱落,黏贴在幼果上,滋生的病菌可引起幼果表皮形成凹陷斑点或斑块。受害组织随后木栓化,呈痘疮状或脊状凸起。随着果实的膨大,凸起部位逐渐变平坦,甚至稍下陷。疤痕表面粗糙,大小形状各异,有浅裂纹,质地似软木塞。菌丝块接种发现病菌可以引起幼果表面产生黑褐色凹陷的斑点或斑块,花期喷施速克灵可以部分降低疤痕果的比例。形态学和分子鉴定证明花瓣上的灰霉菌主要为灰葡萄孢菌(Botrytis cinerea Pers.Ex.Fr.)。【结论】花瓣灰霉腐烂与果实表面疤痕有关。【Objective】The study is to observe the characteristics of Botrytis-induced scars and to elucidate the relation between Botrytis-mold of citrus petals and defect or scars of fruit rind.【Method】Tracking survey,petal inoculation and fungicide spraying at the late flowering stage were involved in the experiment.【Result】The results showed that citrus petals were heavily infected by Botrytis sp.at the late stage of flowering.The infected petal was gray-molded,ready to stick on the fruitlets,resulting in the extending of mycelium of Botrytis sp.from floral debris onto the fruitlet surface,causing spots with slight depressed initially,then conical or ridge-like outgrowths on the rind.The associated corky scars remained as blemishes on the fruit surface as the fruit enlarged and matured,the protruding parts became gradually flat,or even slightly depressed,roughness,cork-like（corky scars）.Inoculation experiment indicated that Botrytis sp.was pathogenic to citrus fruitlets,causing black,depressed spot,even fruitlet drop.Spraying fungicide procymidone at the late stage of flowering could decrease the incidence of defect rind fruits.Thereby,it was concluded that the Botrytis-mold of citrus petals was associated with the defect or scars of fruit.The species of Botrytis sp.was indentified as Botrytis cinerea Pers.Ex.Fr.by morphology and phylogenies of ITS sequence.【Conclusion】 Botrytis-mold of citrus petals was associated with the defect or scars of fruit.

关 键 词：柑橘果面疤痕 花瓣灰霉病 跟踪调查 施药试验 接种试验 

分 类 号：S666[农业科学—果树学]