职业锰接触工人神经行为功能改变的测试与分析  

Analysis on neurobehavioral function tests of workers with occupational manganese exposure

作　　者：徐琼[1] 熊云刚[1] 余昌胤[2] 姜慧[3] 贾飞飞[4] 范奇元[1] 邹焰[1] 

机构地区：[1]遵义医学院,贵州遵义563003 [2]遵义医学院附属医院,贵州遵义563003 [3]中国疾病预防控制中心,北京102206 [4]中国石油大学(华东)校医院,山东东营257061

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》2012年第6期332-335,共4页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：遵义市科技局编号(遵市科合社字[2008]6号);国家自然科学基金资助项目(30760209);贵州省国际科技合作重点项目(400116)

摘　　要：目的探讨锰对作业工人神经行为功能的影响。方法用个体空气采样器采集空气中的锰,确定时间加权平均接触浓度,按照不同接触浓度将工人分为接触组和对照组,对工人的症状、体征进行检测,并采用美国普度大学提供的神经行为功能测试组合对工人的神经行为功能进行测试。结果接触组与对照组的症状体征检出率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在神经行为功能测试中,接触组的集合试验、Benton视觉保持力测试得分和插板试验非利手、双手的插板数均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。接触组在孔稳定静止试验中四、五、六、七、八孔右手和六孔左手的碰壁次数均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论接触高剂量锰尘的工人在早期尚无自觉症状的情况下,神经行为功能已经发生改变,神经行为功能可作为早期锰接触神经损害的检测指标。Objective To investigate the adverse effects of manganese exposure on neurobehavioral functions of workers. Methods TWAs of manganese in the air of workplaces were sampled by personal samplers and determined. The subjects were divided into the exposure group and the control group according to different TWA concentrations. The symptoms and physical signs of workers were recorded and their neurobehavioral functions tested using the neurobehavioral core test battery provided by Purdue University, USA. Results There were no significant differences in symptoms and physical signs between the exposure and control groups（P〈0.05）. However, in the neurobehavioral function tests, the scores of assembly test and Benton visual retention test and the plug board test of the exposure group were much lower than those of the control group （P〈0.01）. Moreover, during the hole stable stationary test of the exposure group, the wall touch occurred more frequently in the 4th , 5th , 6th , 7th and the 8th holes when using the right hand and the 6〈h holes when using the left hand in comparison with the control group（P〈0.05）. Conclusions The neurobehavioral functions of workers exposed to high dose manganese begin to be damaged though their subjective symptoms have not appeared yet. The results suggest that neurobehavioral function tests might be used as an indicator of neural damage induced by manganese exposure at early stage.

关 键 词：锰 职业接触 神经行为功能 

分 类 号：R135.1[医药卫生—劳动卫生]