公交车实际道路颗粒物排放的数浓度特征  

Study of PM Number Concentration Characteristics of Emissions from a Heavy-Duty Bus on Road

作　　者：王军方[1] 丁焰[1] 尹航[1] 谭建伟[2] 张海燕[1] 殷宝辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [2]北京理工大学机械与车辆工程学院,北京100081

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2012年第11期1285-1289,共5页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40805053)

摘　　要：为获得城市公交实际道路颗粒物数量排放特性,利用车载排放测试系统(PEMS)在实际道路上对公交车颗粒物排放特征及粒径分布进行了研究.结果表明:公交车车速低于30 km/h的工况占总工况的78.9%,其中车速小于10 km/h的工况所占比例最大,为33.7%;车速高于40 km/h的工况仅占总工况的2.1%.利用低压荷电捕集器(ELPI)测试的粒径分布表明,公交车进、出站和稳定车速工况下排放的颗粒物数浓度峰值均出现在粒径为70 nm附近;粒径小于70 nm的颗粒物数浓度在3种不同工况下占颗粒物总数浓度的55.4%～69.7%;粒径大于770 nm的颗粒物非常少,其数浓度占颗粒物总数浓度的比例均小于0.1%.Particle number emissions and particle size distributions from a heavy-duty bus were investigated using a Portable Emission Measurement System （PEMS）. The results showed that the bus was operated at a speed lower than 30 km/h over 78.9% of the total operation cycle, in which the speed was lower than 10 km/h for 33.7% of the total. The operation speed was higher than 40 km/h only 2. 1% of the time. The particulate matter size distributions were similar at different vehicle speeds, and showed a unimodal peak distribution. The peak concentration of particles occurred at diameter 70 nm. The particulate matter smaller than 70 nm accounted for 55.4% -69. 7% of the total number concentration at different modes. There were very few particles with diameter greater than 770 nm; the number concentration occupied 〈 0. 1% of the total.

关 键 词：车载排放测试系统(PEMS) 颗粒物 粒径分布 数浓度 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]