雪被去除对川西高山冷杉林冬季土壤水解酶活性的影响  

Effects of snow pack removal on soil hydrolase enzyme activities in an alpine Abies faxoniana forest of western Sichuan

作　　者：杨玉莲[1] 吴福忠[1] 杨万勤[1] 谭波[1] 徐振锋[1] 刘洋[1] 康丽娜[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学生态林业研究所林业生态工程四川省重点实验室,成都611130

出　　处：《生态学报》2012年第22期7045-7052,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31170423;31000213);国家"十二五"科技支撑计划(2011BAC09B05);教育部博士点基金项目(20105103110002);中国博士后科学基金(20110491732);四川省科技支撑计划项目(2010NZ0051)

摘　　要：为了解气候变暖情景下雪被减少对土壤水解酶活性的影响,采用人工遮雪的方法,研究了雪被去除对川西高山原始冷杉林(Abies faxoniana)冬季有机层和矿质层土壤转化酶、脲酶和磷酸酶活性的影响。结果表明,雪被去除显著降低了雪被形成初期至雪被融化后土壤脲酶和中性磷酸酶的活性。受土壤温度和冻融交替的影响,土壤转化酶、酸性和碱性磷酸酶活性在雪被形成初期和雪被融化后期有所提高,但不同土层的土壤酶对雪被去除的响应存在差异。雪被处理、土壤层次和采样时间及其交互作用显著影响了土壤酶的活性。此外,川西高山冷杉林有机层土壤转化酶与土壤温度和冻融循环次数呈极显著相关关系,土壤脲酶和酸性磷酸酶与土壤温度关系密切,中性磷酸酶受土壤冻融循环影响较大,而碱性磷酸酶与土壤温度和冻融循环的关系不明显。这些结果表明,未来气候变暖所引起的雪被减少及冻融变化将改变土壤酶活性特征,进而影响到与C、N和P相关的土壤生物化学过程。Soil ecological processes in cold season,particularly those associated with snow accumulation and ablation,play a central role in the structure and function of alpine forest ecosystem.With its high albedo,low thermal conductivity,large energy requirement for melting,and significant soil water input during melting,snow pack causes the surface energy balance and soil microclimate to be fundamentally important in winter in cold regions.More and more recent studies have documented that climate change may cause a decrease in snow cover,resulting in more severe soil frost and more complicated temperature variation.These studies also showed that snow pack disappear in the future remarkable affected soil water content,nutrient cycle,even the group and quantity of soil microorganisms and other ecological processes.As yet,little attention has been given to the effects of soil enzyme activities,although as the important component in soil system,they often display sensitive responses to environment changes.Therefore,in order to understand the responses of soil hydrolase enzyme activities in winter to the losing of snow pack in the scenarios of global warming,a field snow–shading experiment was conducted in a primary fir（Abies faxoniana） forest in western Sichuan.Soil invertase,urease,and phosphatase activities in soil organic layer and mineral layer were investigated under the snow pack and non-snow pack during different winter periods as snow pack formed and melted from October 19,2009 to May 18,2010.Snow pack removal significantly decreased soil urease and neutral phosphatase activities in both soil organic layer and mineral layer from the early period of snow forming to the period after snow melt.Due to the effects of soil temperature and frequently freezing and thawing,soil urease,acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase activities slightly increased at the early period of snow forming and the later period of snow melting,although the responses of soil enzymes to snow pack removal were different in different soil

关 键 词：雪被 全球变暖 冻融循环 土壤水解酶 高山冷杉林 

分 类 号：S791.14[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S714.3[农业科学—林学]