加拿大一枝黄花入侵对土壤动物群落结构的影响  被引量:12

Effects of the invasion by Solidago canadensis L. on the community structure of soil animals

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作  者:陈雯[1] 李涛[1] 郑荣泉[1] 陈平[1] 李婷[1] 陆俊佶[1] 张加勇[1] 

机构地区:[1]浙江师范大学生态研究所,金华321004

出  处:《生态学报》2012年第22期7072-7081,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基  金:浙江省重点学科资助

摘  要:外来植物对入侵地土壤动物群落及理化性质影响的研究不仅有助于评估入侵植物对生态系统的影响,而且对探索外来植物入侵的土壤动物学响应机制尤为重要。为了了解加拿大一枝黄花对入侵地土壤动物的群落结构及理化性质的影响,本文分季节分层次对加拿大一枝黄花不同程度的入侵地进行取样,获得土壤动物9900个,隶属3门11纲14目,弹尾目和蜱螨类均为优势类群。入侵程度不同的样地中土壤动物个体数量和类群组成不同。土壤动物个体数量和类群数量表现为轻度入侵区>中度入侵区>重度入侵区;多样性指数和均匀性指数表现为轻度入侵区<中度入侵区<重度入侵区,优势度指数表现与前两指数相反。加拿大一枝黄花的入侵没有改变土壤动物表聚性特点。非度量多维标度排序分析表明,不同入侵程度下的土壤动物分为3类,即轻度入侵类、中度入侵类、重度入侵类。不同入侵区域土壤的pH、有机质含量、铵态氮、速效钾和速效磷差异显著(P<0.05),土壤的含水量和温度差异不显著(P>0.05)。灰色关联分析表明,入侵区域土壤铵态氮对土壤动物关联最大,有机质含量次之,再次是速效磷和pH,土壤含水量的影响最小。因而,加拿大一枝黄花的入侵,改变了入侵地土壤理化性质(尤其是对铵态氮的调控),进而改变了土壤动物的群落结构,创造了利于自身生长、竞争有利的土壤环境。The interaction between exotic invasive plants and soil animal communities is an important aspect of understanding plant invasibility and susceptibility of receptive communities.Consequently,studies on the effects of plant invasion on soil animal communities and their physicochemical properties are becoming increasingly important in determining the effects of plant invasion on ecosystems and the relationship of the invasion mechanism to the underground soil biota.In this paper,we report the soil animal community structure and the soil physicochemical properties of three sampling areas in Jinhua,Zhejiang Province of Eastern China where Solidago canadensis has invaded native plant communities.The objectives of the study are to evaluate how S.canadensis invasion affects the physicochemical characteristics of the plant rhizosphere and the soil animal parameters and to determine whether these parameters can serve as indicators for the invasion density of S.canadensis.Soil samples were collected at three depths over four seasons in different S.canadensis-invaded areas.A total of 9900 individual soil animals,which belong to 14 orders,11 classes,and 3 phyla,were collected.The most dominant taxa in three invaded areas were Collembola and Acarina.Statistical analysis was performed with the SPSS 18.0 program package.The one-way ANOVA shows that pH,organic carbon,ammonium nitrogen,available K,and available P are significantly different among the sampling areas(p〈0.05),whereas soil water content and soil temperature were not(p〉0.05).The sequence of the diversity indices and the evenness indices were as follows: newly invaded areas moderately invaded areas heavily invaded areas.A positive association was found between diversity index and dominance index.The spatial distribution of soil animals in the different S.canadensis invaded areas had obvious surface segregation.Using the non-metric multidimensional scaling method,the soil animals communities were classified into three types.Grey relevant analysis indicated

关 键 词:加拿大一枝黄花 土壤动物 土壤理化性质 垂直分布 

分 类 号:S451[农业科学—植物保护] S154.5

 

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