2001-2010年全国医院感染监控网医院抗菌药物日使用变化趋势  

National health care-associated infection surveillance system point-prevalence trend of antibacterial use in Chinese hospitals 2001-2010

作　　者：李春辉[1] 吴安华[1] 文细毛[1] 任南[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学湘雅医院感染控制中心,湖南长沙410008

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2012年第21期4859-4861,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的探讨2001-2010年我国医院住院患者抗菌药物日使用情况变化的趋势。方法采用横断面调查方法,评价2001、2003、2005、2008、2010年某一天住院患者全身使用抗菌药物的情况,并进行比较。结果 5次调查住院患者的抗菌药物日使用率总体呈下降趋势,分别为56.93%、54.86%、48.42%、47.69%、49.63%,平均使用率为50.48%;单一用药率在增加,而二联和≥三联用药率在下降;治疗用药患者送标本做细菌培养的平均送检率较低为28.12%,但总体趋势在上升,2003、2005、2008、2010年分别为23.93%、24.55%、30.83%、29.21%;5年各科室抗菌药物使用率位居前3位的主要为:儿科、综合ICU、呼吸科。结论我国医院住院患者抗菌药物日使用率在逐渐降低,但病原学培养标本送检率总体较低,仍需加强抗菌药物临床应用的监控及管理。OBJECTIVE To investigate the change trend of use of antibiotics by the hospitalized patients in Chinese hospitals from 2001 to 2010.METHODS An one day point-prevalence survey on antibacterial use of patients was conducted in 2001,2003,2005,2008,and 2010 by means of cross-sectional investigation method,the investigation results were analyzed.RESULTS The daily utilization rates of antibiotics by the hospitalized patients involved in the 5 surveys generally kept a downward tendency,which were 56.93%,54.86%,48.42%,47.69%,and 49.63%,respectively with the average use rate of 50.48%.The utilization rate of the single drug was on the rise,while the utilization rates of both two-drug and more than three-drug combination kept a downward tendency.The average rate of the submission of specimens for the bacterial culture was as low as 28.12%,but the overall submission rate was on the rise,23.93% in 2003,24.55% in 2005,30.83% in 2008,and 29.21% in 2010.The pediatric department,general ICU,and respiratory disease wards were the clinical departments with the top three utilization rates of antibiotics in the 5 years.CONCLUSION The daily utilization rate of antibiotics is decreased in Chinese hospitals,the submission rate of specimens for etiological culture is generally low,thus it remains necessary to strengthen the supervision and management of the clinical application of antibiotics.

关 键 词：抗菌药物 医院感染 横断面调查 合理用药 

分 类 号：R978.1[医药卫生—药品]