浅埋深回采工作面冲击地压发生机理及防治  

Rock-burst mechanism and prevention in working face of shallow buried coal-seam

作　　者：蓝航[1,2,3] 杜涛涛[1,2,3] 彭永伟[1,2,3] 张传玖 秦子晗[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]天地科技股份有限公司开采设计事业部,北京100013 [2]煤炭科学研究总院开采设计研究分院,北京100013 [3]中国煤炭学会岩石力学与支护专业委员会,北京100013 [4]神华新疆能源有限责任公司宽沟煤矿,新疆呼图壁831200

出　　处：《煤炭学报》2012年第10期1618-1623,共6页Journal of China Coal Society

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)资助项目(2010CB226806)

摘　　要：通过分析新疆某矿一段时间内现场矿压显现情况并结合实测微震和工作面支架压力数据,获得了冲击地压发生机理:坚硬厚层顶板是冲击地压发生的主要力源,采煤工艺影响和支架支护质量低导致顶板压力转移到工作面煤壁上,形成了煤体应力集中和弹性能量积聚,推进速度过快加剧了煤体应力和能量积聚程度,在煤体自身强冲击倾向性作用下导致冲击地压发生。据此提出冲击地压防治原则:避免坚硬厚层顶板的压力转移到煤壁上形成应力集中。具体方法为及时切断坚硬顶板,对煤体进行卸压爆破,并提高工作面支架初撑力。现场实践表明,防治效果明显。After analyzing series monitoring data of micro-seismic and powered support pressure in Xinjiang,rock-burst mechanism was obtained.Thick and hard roof is main pressure source of rock-burst.Bad and delayed supporting make roof pressure transferred on coal-wall ahead of mining face.Thus,elastic energy and stress concentration formed,and fast mining speed aggravates energy and stress concentration degree.In this instance,rock-burst is inevitable because of strong burst liability of coal-seam.Based on this,rock-burst prevention principle was established that avoiding transferring hard and thick roof pressure to coal-wall.The prevention methods included broken blasting of hard roof,pressure-relief blasting of coal-body and increasing setting load of powered supports.The practice shows that prevention methods are effective.

关 键 词：浅埋深 回采工作面 冲击地压 机理 防治 

分 类 号：TD324[矿业工程—矿井建设]