楼梯疏散中员工逃生能力分析  

Analysis of Personnel's Abilities to Escape with Their Life on Staircase

作　　者：杨立兵[1,2] 张自忠 郑海力[4] 陈建宏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学资源与安全工程学院,湖南长沙410083 [2]荆州市烟草专卖局,湖北荆州434000 [3]中建三局建设工程股份有限公司成都公司,四川成都610041 [4]化工部长沙设计研究院,湖南长沙410116

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2012年第9期16-23,共8页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(50774092);湖南省博士生科研创新项目(CX2010B123)

摘　　要：为分析应急情况下楼梯疏散中人员的逃生能力,通过组织多次应急疏散演练,构建粗糙集及灰靶聚类理论模型,对人员的年龄、性别、身高、体重等8个因素与人员的逃生能力之间的关系进行分析,得出人员逃生能力的主要影响因素、次要影响因素与无关因素。根据得到的约简属性,对楼梯疏散人员逃生能力进行分析。结果表明:就人员逃生能力而言,年龄、体重与身体质量指标(BMI)是最重要的影响因素;心率、收缩压与舒张压是次要的影响因素;性别与身高是无关因素。发生紧急情况时,企业应根据员工自身的特点预判其逃生能力,对逃生能力一般、弱、极弱的人员提供必要及相应的帮助,以减轻疏散过程中的人员伤亡。In order to study personnel ability to escape during the staircase evacuation in case of emergency,emergency evacuation drill of enterprises was organized.By building rough sets and the model of gray target clustering theory,the paper analyzed the relationship between personnel＇s ability to escape and influence factors,such as personnel age,gender,height,weight,etc.The main factors,secondary factors and unrelated factors affecting personnel＇s ability to escape were got.Moreover,according to the reduction properties,the law of personnel escape during staircase evacuation was analyzed.The results indicate that： for personnel escape ability,age,weight and BMI are the most important factors;heart rate,systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure are secondary influence factors;gender and height are irrelevant factors.In the event of an emergency,the companies can make a pre-judgment of ability to escape of its own staff.To the staff whose the escape ability is common,weak or very weak,necessary and corresponding help was given to reduce the casualties of employees.

关 键 词：楼梯疏散 应急演练 逃生能力 粗糙集 灰靶 

分 类 号：X912[环境科学与工程—安全科学]