南方地区秸秆还田对土壤综合肥力和作物产量的影响  

Effects of straw returning on the integrated soil fertility and crop yield in southern China

作　　者：杨帆[1] 董燕[1] 徐明岗[2] 包耀贤[2] 

机构地区：[1]全国农业技术推广服务中心,北京100125 [2]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所农业部作物营养与施肥重点开放实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2012年第11期3040-3044,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家财政部土壤有机质提升补贴项目;"十一五"国家重点科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD05B09;2006BAD02A14)资助

摘　　要：以安徽、江西、湖南、湖北、四川、重庆、广西等省94个秸秆还田定位试验为基础,运用数值化理论综合评价我国南方地区秸秆还田的土壤肥力变化和培肥增产效应.结果表明:研究区土壤肥力综合指数(SFI)和作物产量具有明显的区域差异,但SFI整体以中等水平的三等地(该等级土地面积占研究区土地面积的69.1%)和较低水平的四等地(占21.3%)为主;秸秆还田后,SFI和产量较秸秆不还田平均提高了6.8%和4.4%;水稻产量与SFI之间呈极显著正相关.SFI可真实反映研究区土壤肥力综合水平.在当前农艺水平下,秸秆还田是有效提高我国南方地区土壤综合肥力的重要举措,应大面积推广秸秆还田腐熟.Based on the data from 94 experiments of straw returning in Anhui, Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Guangxi, Sichuan, and Chongqing, and by using mathematic modeling approach, this pa- per evaluated the effects of straw returning on the soil fertility and crop yield in southern China. Ob- vious regional differences were observed in the soil fertility index （SFI） and crop yield response. In study area, the croplands with the SFI of Grade III and Grade IV were predominant, occupying 69. 1% and 21.3% of the total, respectively. Averagely, straw returning increased the SFI and crop yield by 6.8% and 4.4%, respectively, as compared with the control （no straw returning）. The SFI was significantly linearly correlated with rice yield, and could well reflect the integrated soil fertility in study area. At present, straw returning with decomposing agent added is one of the most important measures to improve the integrated soil fertility in southern China, which should be widely pooularized.

关 键 词：秸秆还田 土壤肥力综合评价 增产效应 

分 类 号：S158.5[农业科学—土壤学]