振流式精密播种装置种层厚度检测及控制系统研制  

Detection and control system of seed-layers thickness for vibration-flow precision seeder

作　　者：谭祖庭[1] 马旭[1,2] 齐龙[1,2] 谢俊锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学工程学院,广州510642 [2]华南农业大学南方农业机械与装备关键技术省部共建教育部重点实验室,广州510642

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2012年第21期10-16,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家高技术计划(863)课题资助(2012AA10A501);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助(编号:CARS-01-33);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20114404110004);公益性行业(农业)科研专项资助(201203059)

摘　　要：为提高振流式精密播种装置的播种合格率和播种稳定性,减少种子流动性的不同对播种合格率的影响,研制了基于超声波传感器的种层厚度检测和控制系统,对播种过程中的播种量实现全程监控和自动控制。试验表明:自动控制系统能有效检测出匀种装置筛分板上种层厚度的变化,并根据播种时种子流动性的不同,调整供种装置的振动幅度和频率,使种层厚度保持在设定的范围之内,调整时间约为4.32s;且当种子流动差异性过大时能有效报警;采用检测和控制系统后振流式精密播种装置杂交稻2～5粒/穴或取秧面积的播种合格率由80.1%提升到87.3%。该研究为杂交稻精密育秧播种装置的研究奠定了基础。In order to improve sowing qualified rate and stability of vibration-flow precision seeder, and reduce the effect of sowing qualified rate with the difference of seeds fluidity, a detection and control system of seed-layers thickness based on ultrasonic sensor was designed. With the system, seed-flow in the process of sowing was whole detected and automatic controlled. The results showed that the system could effectively detect the change of seed-layers thickness on the screening plate, and adjust the vibration amplitude and frequence of seeds-supply device based on different seeds fluidity to make sure that seed-layers thickness was kept in the setting range, and adjusting time was about 4.32 s after correction; When the difference of seeds fluidity was too large, alarm system was started; After the system was installed, sowing qualified rate of hybrid rice （2-5 grain per point） was improved from 80.1% to 87.3%. The research laid a foundation for further study of hybrid rice precision seeding apparatus.

关 键 词：检测 控制系统 超声波传感器 种层厚度 杂交稻 播种装置 

分 类 号：S223.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程]