再生水灌溉对土壤斥水性的影响  

Effects of reclaimed water irrigation on soil water repellency

作　　者：商艳玲[1,2] 李毅[1,2] 朱德兰[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院 [2]西北农林科技大学中国旱区节水农业研究院,杨凌712100

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2012年第21期89-97,共9页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2011BAD29B02);高等学校创新引智计划("111"项目)

摘　　要：深入探求再生水灌溉条件下不同土壤中水分和溶质的分布及斥水性变化规律,能为再生水灌溉条件下土壤斥水性产生原因及其影响因素的研究提供一定的参考。选用砂土、砂姜黑土、塿土和盐碱土进行土柱再生水灌溉试验,取样测定不同灌水量条件下剖面土壤的潜在斥水性、含水率、Cl-、有机质(organicmatter,OM)含量及电导率(electrical conductivity,EC)等。结果表明:再生水灌溉后,塿土及盐碱土分别出现0～2,1～3级斥水性,砂土及砂姜黑土为0级斥水性,4种土表层表现出较强的斥水性。土壤斥水性随再生水灌水量和灌溉时间的增加而显著增强,并且灌水量越大,斥水性差异性越显著。4种土有机质含量OM与土壤斥水持续时间变化值TR呈正相关关系,Cl-含量、EC值与土壤斥水持续时间变化值TR呈负相关关系。相比较其他3种土而言,砂土更适合再生水灌溉。Performing further research on soil water and solute distributions as well as the variations of soil water repellency under reclaimed water irrigation for different soils can offer some referential information on the causes of soil water repellency using reclaimed water and the possible factors influencing the soil water repellency. Sandy soil, Shajiang black soil, Lou soil and saline-alkaline soils were selected to do column infiltration experiments with reclaimed water. Soil samples along vertical profiles were taken to measure soil potential water repellency, soil water content, Cl - mass concentration, organic matter （OM） mass fraction and electrical conductivity （EC） under different irrigation quotas. The results showed that, after reclaimed water irrigation, Lou soil and saline-alkaline soil indicated repellency of 0-2 and 1-3 degrees, respectively; whereas both sand soil and Shajiang black soil displayed repellency of degree 0. Water repellency of all four types of soil on surface was stronger than the subsoils. Soil water repellency increased with the increase of reclaimed water irrigation quantity and irrigation time dramatically, and the larger the irrigation quota, the more notable the differences of soil water repellency. OM of the all four types of soil had positive correlations with soil difference of water droplet penetration time T R , while Cl - and EC presented negative correlation with soil difference of water droplet penetration time T R . Compared with the three other types of soil, sand soil is more suitable for irrigating with reclaimed water.

关 键 词：灌溉 土壤 水分 斥水性 影响因素 电导率 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]