抛物线形断面渠道正常水深的显式计算  

Explicit solution for normal depth in parabolic-shape channel

作　　者：张新燕[1] 吕宏兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,杨凌712100

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2012年第21期121-125,共5页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划(2011BAD29B00);西北农林科技大学基本科研业务费专项资金项目(QN2011131)

摘　　要：明渠均匀流正常水深是渠道设计、运行管理的重要水力要素,而其水力计算公式为复杂的隐函数,不能直接求解。该文针对水力性能优良的抛物线形断面渠道,依据明渠均匀流基本原理,基于实用经济断面,通过变量置换和方程变形,利用R软件基于麦夸特法优化模型参数,提出一套求解正常水深的显式计算公式。通过实例分析和误差计算,表明,所建立的显式计算公式在工程适用范围内最大相对误差小于0.55%,具有较高的精度,且公式物理概念清晰、计算方便快捷、通用性强,可为渠道工程设计和运行管理提供参考。Normal depth is the important hydraulic element for the design and operation of channel. But its analytic expression is a complex implicit function and can not be solved directly. Based on the economic practical section and uniform flow theory, this paper presents a new and explicit solution for normal depth in parabolic-shape channel through optimizing the model parameters by using R software and Marquardt method. The practical example and error analysis show that the maximum relative error of the established explicit equation is smaller than 0.55%, which is among the scope of engineering application. The proposed equation has clear physical concepts, convenient calculation and strong generality. It can provide a useful reference for the engineering design and operation management.

关 键 词：水力学 设计 计算 正常水深 R软件 抛物线形断面 显式计算 

分 类 号：TV131.4[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]