基于CFD的潜水轴流泵性能分析及其特性试验  

Performance test and analysis of submersible axial flow pump based on CFD

作　　者：沙毅[1] 侯丽艳 

机构地区：[1]浙江科技学院机械与汽车工程学院,杭州310023 [2]烟台冰轮股份有限公司,烟台264000

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2012年第22期51-57,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(Y1110468)

摘　　要：为了研究高转速轴流泵性能预测问题,采用圆弧法和流线法完成550比转速QY90-4.4-1.5轴流式潜水泵叶轮和导叶水力设计。采用计算流体动力学(CFD)对泵性能进行预测,运用Pro/E软件完成泵流道三维实体造型和非结构网格划分,基于标准k-ε湍流模型进行泵内部流场数值模拟,得到模型泵性能预测数据和曲线。在样机型式试验及综合分析基础上,发现实测与预测性能参数吻合程度较高,由于对回流及二次流等的模拟还存在欠缺,在偏离额定工况较大时泵流量-扬程、流量-轴功率和流量-效率曲线产生一定的误差。通过分析最优工况叶片表面压力和相对速度分布,揭示叶片头部因液流撞击形成较大压降梯度,背面进口边稍后是较宽的低压汽蚀危险区。叶片表面速度沿半径逐渐增大,基本上没有径向分速度。总体符合速度环量沿半径均匀分布的假设。In order to investigate the performance prediction of high rotating speed axial-flow pumps, a QY90-4.4-1.5 submersible axial flow pump with specific speed 550 were used in the study, and its particular impeller and guide vane were designed on the basis of arc method and streamline method. The performance of the pump was numerically predicated by CFD. Firstly, three-dimensional physical modeling and unmapped grid division were made by Pro/E and ICEM software, and then the internal flow fields were numerically calculated with standard k-ε turbulence model, meanwhile the performances of the pump model were also diagnosed by comprehensive analysis. The results presented that the calculated data was in good accordance with the experimental data. Because of the simulation of backflow and secondary flow has not been developed completely, there was a certain error for pump Q-H, Q-P, Q-η curves when it deviates from the rated condition largely. By analyzing the pressure and relative velocity distribution of the blade surface on the optimal condition, the results showed that larger drop pressure gradient in the leading edge was developed because of the impact flow leaves, and wide low-pressure zone on the back of blade led to cavitation. Meanwhile, the speed was increased with the radius direction and no radial-branch velocity was developed. Overall, the results basically was according with the assumption of uniform distribution for velocity circulation with the radius in impeller.

关 键 词：轴流 泵 计算流体动力学 流场 性能试验 性能预测 

分 类 号：TH312[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]