中原牡丹传统品种的核型及进化关系  

Karyotypes of Twenty-one Traditional Cultivars of Paconia suffruticosa and Their Evolutional Relationship

作　　者：史倩倩[1] 王雁[1] 周琳[1] 黄国伟[2] 

机构地区：[1]林木遗传育种国家重点实验室(中国林业科学研究院林业研究所),北京100091 [2]湖北林业科学研究院

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2012年第11期23-27,37,共6页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家林业局林业公益性行业科研专项(200904050)部分内容

摘　　要：为了探讨牡丹传统品种的系统进化及花型与染色体变异之间的关系,采用常规制片法对7类花型的21个中原牡丹传统品种材料进行了核型分析,并通过核型似近系数对供试材料进行了聚类。结果表明:除‘首案红’的染色体为三倍体(2n=15)之外,其他20个品种的染色体均为二倍体(2n=10);‘茄蓝丹砂’的核型类型为2B,其余均为较对称的2A类型;花型间的核型不对称系数差异不显著,由高到低依次为:皇冠型、楼子台阁型、菊花型、千层台阁型、蔷薇型、荷花型,从而证明‘赤龙焕彩’较原始,而‘首案红’和‘茄蓝丹砂’较进化。通过聚类分析得到,皇冠型的‘豆绿’与‘姚黄’及‘蓝田玉’与‘赵粉’亲缘关系最近,遗传背景相似;而同属皇冠型‘白玉’与‘魏紫’似近系数最小(0.880 8),进化距离最大(0.159 5),亲缘关系最远。核型分类结果部分支持目前牡丹依据花型进行分类的结果。Cluster analysis of 21 traditional cuhivars of Paconia suffruticosa was made by chromosome flaking and karyotype re- semblance-near coefficient in order to survey taxonomy and relationship between different flower types and chromosome var- iation. Results showed that each material was diploid with 10 chromosomes except that ＇ Shouanhong＇ was triploid with 15 chromosomes. The karyotypes of all cultivars were 2A, a type of symmetrical karyotype except for ＇ Qielan Dansha＇ with 2B. An obvious difference in asymmetrical karyotype coefficients was observed between different flower types. It indicated that ＇ C}filong Huancai＇ was primeval and ＇ Shouanhong＇ and ＇ Qielan Dansha＇ were evolutional. The clustering results showed that the relationships between ＇ Doulii＇ and ＇ Yaohuang＇ as well as ＇ Lantianyu＇ and ＇ Zhaofen＇ were the closest which all belong to crown form. However, there were the maximal karyotype resemblance-near eoeflqcient （0.880 8 ）, and the minimum evolutionary distance （0. 159 5 ） between ＇ Baiyu＇ and ＇ Weizi＇ which both belong to crown form, indicating the widest genetic relationship. The results of this research mostly agreed with the phylogeny based on the flower type of P. suffruticosa.

关 键 词：牡丹 传统品种 核型 进化 

分 类 号：S685.11[农业科学—观赏园艺]