中国小麦微核心种质Glu-A3位点等位变异的分布  

Distribution of Low-molecular-weight Glutenin Subunit Glu-A3 Alleles in Mini Core Collections of Chinese Wheat Germplasm

作　　者：司红起[1] 李志霞[1] 和富霞[1] 高雅[1] 马传喜[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学农学院/农业部黄淮南部小麦生物学与遗传育种重点实验室/安徽省作物生物学重点实验室,合肥230036

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2012年第6期1085-1089,共5页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-03);国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD35B03)

摘　　要：低分子量麦谷蛋白亚基在面包和面条食品加工过程中起着十分重要的作用。为了便于对含有LMW-GS优良基因的亲本筛选,选取来源于不同麦区包括地方品种和育成品种在内的208份核心种质为供试材料,用特异PCR方法检测Glu-A3位点LMW-GS基因的等位变异。结果表明,Glu-A3d出现频率(26.4%)明显高于其他等位类型,在地方品种和育成品种中的分布频率分别为26.7%和26.0%;分布频率从大到小依次为Glu-A3d>Glu-A3c>Glu-A3a>Glu-A3b>Glu-A3e>Glu-A3g>Glu-A3f;在来源于冬春兼播麦区的育成品种中未检测出Glu-A3e和Glu-A3f。对面筋强度贡献较大的Glu-A3b在地方品种和育成品种中的分布频率分别为10.7%和18.2%,说明我国小麦总体品质水平有了较大的提升。Low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit（LMW-GS） plays an important role in the processing quality of wheat for bread and noodle.A total of 208 accessions of common wheat comprising both landraces and improved cultivars collected from all the three growing zones in China were tested for the seven alleles at the Glu-A3 locus using 7 allele-specific PCR markers.The frequency of the Glu-A3d allele（26.4%） was greater than those of the other alleles.The Glu-A3d allele was present in 26.7% of landraces and 26.0% of improved cultivars.The alleles,from most to least frequent,were as Glu-A3dGlu-A3cGlu-A3aGlu-A3bGlu-A3eGlu-A3gGlu-A3f.The Glu-A3e and Glu-A3f allele were only absent among improved cultivars from spring-winter wheat zone.Since the Glu-A3b allele has a more pronounced effect on gluten strength,varieties with the Glu-A3b allele can be considered suitable for the breeding of new,high-quality cultivars,and its frequency was 10.7% in landraces and 18.2% in improved cultivars,this showed that the total quality level of China wheat had significantly improved.

关 键 词：小麦 核心种质 LMW-GS Glu-A3位点 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S331