晋中晚熟冬小麦“窄行稀条播”的群体质量和产量效应  

Effects of the “Narrow Spaced Sparse Drilling” Planting Technique on the Population and Yield of Winter Wheat in Mid-Shanxi Late-maturing Winter Wheat Region

作　　者：田森林[1] 李慧明[1] 白文斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院高粱研究所,山西榆次030600

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2012年第6期1107-1110,共4页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：山西省科技攻关项目(20100311004-2)

摘　　要：针对晋中晚熟冬小麦群体质量不高、水肥利用率低等问题,以大穗型品种山农9-1和多穗型品种山农9801为材料,在不改变播量和水肥投入的情况下,探讨了窄行稀条播种植模式(行距10 cm)对冬小麦群体和产量的影响。结果表明,与常规条播种植(行距20 cm)相比,窄行稀条播极显著提高了小麦产量,其中山农9801增产幅度大于山农9-1;山农9-1增产原因是穗粒数、千粒重、成穗数都显著提高,而山农9801是成穗数和穗粒数分别极显著和显著提高。窄行稀条播增加了各个生育阶段的群体数量,提高了分蘖成穗率和叶面积系数,而且延长了叶片功能期。说明窄行稀条播种植模能改善晋中晚熟冬小麦群体数量和质量,进而起到增产作用。In order to solve the problems of high seeding rate,large population density and low fertilizer use in late-maturing winter wheat production in Middle Shanxi,the effects of ＂Narrow Spaced Sparse Drilling＂ was studied using large spike cultivar Shannong 9-1 and multiple spikes cultivar Shannong 9801 as materials,with comparison with the conventional seeding rate and fertilizer input conditions in this paper.The yield component,tiller number of population and leaf area index were investigated and analyzed.The results showed that the wheat yield was improved significantly planted with narrow spaced sparse drilling model.The yield of large spike cultivar Shannong 9-1 was higher than that of Shannong 9801,but the yield increasing margin of Shannong 9801 was greater than that of Shannong 9-1.The three yield components of grain number per spike,1000-grain weight and ear number of Shannong 9-1 were increased clearly.The grain number per spike and ear number was increased obviously.The number of total tillers was increased significantly in each growing stage than that of conventional sowing.Higher tiller number at the jointing stage,and higher spike rate at heading stage were observed.Simultaneous increase in leaf area index（LAI） and the tiller number of population also were observed.The quantity and quality of the wheat population was improved and the duration of function period of leaves was longer,and the yield was improved.

关 键 词：冬小麦 窄行稀条播 栽培技术 产量 群体结构 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S311