基于LEACH协议的无线传感器网络路由算法  

Routing Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks Based on LEACH Protocol

作　　者：王仁兴[1] 易灵芝[1] 王根平[2] 文香桂[1] 

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学信息工程学院,湖南湘潭411105 [2]深圳职业技术学院,广东深圳518055

出　　处：《计算机测量与控制》2012年第11期3129-3131,3135,共4页Computer Measurement &Control

摘　　要：无线传感器网络是由能量有限的传感器节点组成,设计高效节能的路由策略是其组网的重要问题;针对LEACH协议中簇头分布不均造成网络时延,以及簇头与基站在远距离传输过程中能量损耗严重等问题,提出一种改进的LEACH路由算法;改进的算法运用新的阈值公式,在不减少簇头数量的前提下,以竞争方式选举出均匀分布的簇头,簇头从成员列表中选出子簇头与其链接成树,以多跳方式进行数据传输,实现网络分簇的整体平衡;NS-3仿真结果表明,改进的算法与传统LEACH算法相比,具有更优的能量均衡性,并显著提高了网络寿命及降低了网络延迟。Wireless sensor network is composed by energy limited sensor nodes, so the design of energy efficient routing strategy is im- portant issue of sensor network. The distribution of Cluster heads for LEACH protocol, the network delay caused by the uneven distribu- tion, and cluster heads consume excessive energy in the process of the long distance data transmission and other issues, in order to solve these problems, an improved LEACH routing algorithm is proposed. Improved algorithm does not reduce the number of cluster heads under the premise of using the new threshold formula, it uses competition to produce a uniform distribution of cluster heads, Cluster heads elect sub-- cluster heads from their list of members, sub--cluster heads and cluster heads link to a tree, approached to multi--hop data transmission, it achieved a balanced clustering in the whole of wireless sensor network. NS- 3 simulation result shows that the improved algorithm compares with the conventional LEACH algorithm has better energy balance, and significantly improve the network lifetime and reduce network delay.

关 键 词：LEACH 分簇 路由算法 无线传感器网络 

分 类 号：TP301[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]