海盗罪的国际刑法规制  

On International Criminal Law's Regulation about Piracy Crime

作　　者：赵秉志[1] 原佳丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学刑事法律科学研究院,北京100875

出　　处：《南都学坛（南阳师范学院人文社会科学学报）》2012年第6期71-76,共6页Academic Forum of Nandu:Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Nanyang Normal University

摘　　要：当代海盗犯罪呈现出与以往海盗犯罪不同的特点,因而仅适用1982年《联合国海洋法公约》中对海盗罪的相关规定来对海盗罪进行打击会显得力不从心,结合当代海盗犯罪的特点,比较借鉴相关国家关于海盗罪的规定,具体应做到以下两点:一是海盗罪行为对象的拓宽。由于现代海盗罪作案方式的特殊性,为了有效地惩治海盗犯罪,可适当参照英国1700年补充法令的规定,"同船谋反以及对船长采取拘禁行为或限制自由以阻止船长对海盗行为的抵抗都可视为海盗行为",将海盗罪行为对象予以拓宽,不再局限于另一船舶或飞机,或另一船舶或飞机上的人或物,而拓宽至任何船舶或飞机。二是海盗罪行为领域的延伸。由于目前海盗犯罪不仅仅发生在公海领域,海盗犯罪亦正呈向领海发展的趋势,因此如果一味地遵循《公约》所规定的只惩罚发生在公海或不属于任何国家管辖范围的行为,就会使相应的海盗犯罪无法受到惩罚,故为有效地打击相应犯罪,应取消对海盗犯罪行为领域的过度限定。随着当前海盗犯罪的日益猖獗,海盗作案手段的更加凶残,只有将海盗犯罪进行作案特点的归纳、立法上的重新审视以及立法完善措施的思考,才能顺应当前制止海盗犯罪的国际化趋势。Contemporary piracy crimes present different features from past ones, as a result of which the relevant regulations about piracy crimes stipulated in 1982＇ s United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea is not very applicable. On the basis of the features of contemporary piracy crimes and learning from other countries＇ regulations about piracy crimes, the following two aspects should be taken into consideration. First, the behaviour of piracy crimes should be expanded. Second, the scope of piracy crimes should also be expanded. Along with the increasing and more savage of piracy crimes, we must conclude the features of piracy crimes and perfect the legislation so that we can follow the international tendency to prevent piracy crimes.

关 键 词：海盗罪 《联合国海洋法公约》 国家法规制 立法完善 

分 类 号：D914.3[政治法律—刑法学]