武汉地区医院感染现患率调查分析  

Prevalence rate of nosocomial infections in Wuhan

作　　者：刘小丽[1,2] 梁建生[1,2] 邓兵[1,2] 徐桂兰[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]武汉市疾病预防控制中心 [2]武汉市医院感染管理质量控制中心,湖北武汉430015

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2012年第22期4992-4994,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的了解武汉地区院内感染与社区感染现状及抗菌药物使用情况。方法采用床旁调查和病历调查相结合的方法对所有住院患者进行调查。结果参加调查的医院共35所,应调查住院患者23 768例,实查23 441例,实查率为98.62%;发现院内感染791例、829例次,现患率和例次感染率分别为3.37%和3.54%;发现社区感染4770例、5045例次,现患率和例次感染率分别为20.35%和21.52%;院内感染和社区感染的部位均以呼吸道居首位,分别占63.21%和62.49%;院内感染的病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,占65.96%;社区感染的病原菌以革兰阳性菌为主,占49.15%;抗菌药物使用率为27.54%。结论在临床工作中加强感染患者的病原学送检,规范抗菌药物的合理使用,以降低医院感染的发生。OBJECTIVE To understand the prevalence of nosocomial infection（NI） and community-acquired infection（CAI） in Wuhan and the status of the use of antibiotics.METHODS All the hospitalized patients were investigated by bedside investigation and the review of the patients′ medical records.RESULTS A total of 23441 patients were investigated in 35 hospitals where 23 768 hospitalized patients are expe cted to investigate.The prevalence rate of NI was 3.37%（791 patients）,the prevalence rate of case-time NI was 3.54%（829 case-times）;the prevalence rate of CAI was 20.35%（4770 patient）,the prevalence rate of case-time CAI was 21.52%（5045 case-times）.The most infected sites of both NI and CAI were respiratory tract,which accounted for 63.21% and 62.49% respectively.Gram-negative bacilli were the major pathogens causing NI,accounting for 65.96%;gram-positive bacteria were the main pathogens causing CAI,accounting for 49.15%;the utilization rate of antibiotics was 27.54%.CONCLUSION It is necessary to strengthen the submission of the etiology of the patients and reasonably use antibiotics so as to decrease the incidence of nosocomial infections.

关 键 词：院内感染 社区感染 现患率 调查 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]