2008-2010年住院患者常见病原菌分布及耐药性分析  

Distribution and antimicrobial resistance of common pathogenic bacteria from hospitalized patients 2008-2010

作　　者：吴丽丽[1] 王贺永[2] 郑瑞娟[3] 李晓云[4] 

机构地区：[1]唐山市协和医院检验科,河北唐山063000 [2]唐山市开滦医院检验科,河北唐山063000 [3]唐山市协和医院急诊科,河北唐山063000 [4]唐山市协和医院ICU,河北唐山063000

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2012年第22期5131-5134,共4页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：唐山市科技项目(111302107a)

摘　　要：目的观察唐山市开滦医院装修前后临床分离病原菌构成与耐药性变化,为医院感染防治提供理论依据。方法对2008-2010年唐山市开滦医院住院患者所有分离出的病原菌进行分析,采用法国生物梅里埃公司VITEK-2Compact自动微生物鉴定仪及相应试剂进行菌株鉴定和药敏测定。结果 3年中共分离出非重复菌株7995株,以革兰阴性杆菌为主,约占50.0%;2009年因装修,细菌数量和结构有了明显变化,耐药性也有较多改变;2009年分离出的细菌数量从4774株降至1482株(P<0.01),而2010年随着多数临床科室装修的结束,分离出的细菌数量又明显上升至1739株(P<0.01),尤其是白色假丝酵母菌的变化最为明显(P<0.01),呼吸道标本中病原菌的分离在装修前后变化非常显著,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论住院患者感染的病原菌对常用抗菌药物耐药率较高,全面、彻底消毒是减少医院感染的有效措施,加强对耐药菌的检测、耐药菌带菌者的筛查和耐药机制研究,对正确选用抗菌药物和控制耐药菌感染十分重要。OBJECTIVE To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of the clinically isolated pathogens before and after the restoration of Kailuan Hospital,so as to provide the evidence for treatment.METHODS The bacterial identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing of all the strains isolated between 2008 and 2010 were performed by VITEK2-compact automatic system.RESULTS A total of 7995 non-repeated isolates were isolated during the period,among which gram-negative bacilli were the most common bacteria,accounting for about 50.0%;there were significant changes in pathogens distribution and drug resistance in 2009 because of the decoration of the hospital;the number of the isolates decreased from 4774 strains to 1482 strains in 2009（P0.01）,the isolated strains have been significantly increased up to 1739 strains as the decoration of the most of the clinical department completed in 2010（P0.01）,the change of Candida albicans was the most significant（P0.01）,the isolation of the pathogens from the respiratory tract specimens changed most significantly,the difference was statistically significant（P0.01）.CONCLUSION The pathogens causing infections in the hospitalized patients are highly resistant to common antibiotics,the comprehensive and thorough sterilization is the effective measure to reduce nosocomial infections;it is of great significance in the correct selection of antibiotics and the prevention and control of nosocomial infections to enhance the detection of drug resistant strains,the screening of the bacteria-carriers as well as the study on the drug resistance mechanism.

关 键 词：病原菌 抗菌药物 耐药分析 医院感染 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]