论警察的盘查权  

On Police's Power to Stop and Frisk

作　　者：郑曦[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学

出　　处：《行政法学研究》2012年第4期60-65,128,共7页ADMINISTRATIVE LAW REVIEW

摘　　要：警察行使盘查权能够有效地防止违法行为的发生、危害结果的扩大、证据的消湮和嫌疑人逃跑等情况的出现。但盘查权由于紧急性等特征,对其控制相对较弱,一旦滥用,将对公民的自由权利造成重大伤害。故应当从盘查启动时以合理怀疑或合理根据为依据、盘查中以比例原则为施行标准和盘查后以监督与司法控制为权力制约手段几个方面加以规制。中国现有的盘查制度存在一些不足之处,如存在歧视性盘查等现象,急需通过改革扭转目前的现状。The police＇s exercise of the stop and frisk power is of effective prevention for conditions such as illegal activities occurrence, damage expansion, evidence elimination, suspects escape, etc. However, due to its nature of emergency, the control over stop and frisk is relatively weak that the abuse of this power would cause great harm to people＇s right of freedom. So in order to well regulate the power, three aspects should be paid more attention to, i.e. reasonable suspicion or basis being as the cause at the initial, the principle of proportionality being as the implementation standard during the process, and supervision and judicial control being as the power constraint means afterwards. There are some flaws in China＇s current stop and frisk system, eg. discrimination, needing urgently reforms to reverse the present situation.

关 键 词：盘查 程序规制 歧视 改革 

分 类 号：D922.14[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]