农村进城就业人员的职业流动与收入变化  

How Occupational Transfer Affects Income:A Study of China's Rural Migrants Based on a Survey of Four Provinces

作　　者：马瑞[1] 仇焕广[2] 吴伟光[3] 徐志刚[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学政府管理学院 [2]中国科学院农业政策研究中心 [3]浙江农林大学经济管理学院

出　　处：《经济社会体制比较》2012年第6期36-46,共11页Comparative Economic & Social Systems

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委面上项目(项目编号:71073154;71173204);优秀青年项目(项目编号:71222302)

摘　　要：受主观和客观因素影响,农村进城就业人员在城市的就业会表现出一定的流动性。早期关于农民工职业流动的研究表明工作变换无助于提高收入水平。文章基于来自中国4省296名农村进城就业人员的实地调查资料,分析了农村进城就业人员的职业流动特征及职业流动对工资收入的影响,实证研究了农村进城就业人员2006～2008年间工作变换与工资收入之间的关系。研究发现,在控制其他因素不变的情况下,农村进城就业人员的职业流动有助于提升他们的工资收入水平,工作变换次数与月工资收入间呈显著的正相关关系。这不仅说明农村进城就业人员的流动已经从过去主要是被动式流动转向谋求更好待遇的主动式流动,也反映出长期以来我国城市劳动力市场供过于求的态势已经开始发生转变。The employment of rural migrants shows some mobility when they work in urban areas. Previous re- search has found, however, that rural migrants＇ change of occupation after they move to urban centers does not help to improve their income. Based on field survey data of 296 rural migrants in four provinces in China, we analyze the characteristics of rural migrants＇ occupational changes and its effects on their income. The results show that the change of occupation helps to improve rural migrants＇ income. The results not only show that rural migrants in cities have become more active in finding a better job, but also show that China＇s labor market has gradually changed from state of an overabundance of labor to a state of labor shortage.

关 键 词：农村进城就业人员 职业流动 工资收入 城市化 

分 类 号：F241.4[经济管理—劳动经济]