复合体系下磷酸和硫酸的萃取动力学  

Kinetics of extracting phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid in composite system

作　　者：张莉[1] 丁瑶[2] 刘玉娟[2] 

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学环境与城市建设学院,湖北武汉430074 [2]武汉工程大学化工与制药学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《化学工程》2012年第11期22-26,共5页Chemical Engineering(China)

摘　　要：为了深入了解萃取过程的机理和动力学特征,采用了恒界面池法研究了复合体系下磷酸和硫酸的萃取动力学,分别考察了比界面积、初始水相中磷酸浓度、初始水相中硫酸浓度对磷酸、硫酸萃取速率的影响,并提出了60℃下硫酸-磷酸复合体系中萃取磷酸和硫酸的动力学方程。实验结果表明:磷酸和硫酸的萃取速率随着比界面积增大而减小,随着初始水相中磷酸浓度的升高而逐步增加;初始水相中硫酸浓度的增大也有利于提高磷酸和硫酸的萃取速率。并研究了在60℃硫酸-磷酸复合体系中,磷酸和硫酸的萃取动力学方程,并用工业原料磷酸对萃取动力学进行了验证,表明拟合所得的方程计算的磷酸和硫酸萃取速率和实际测得的值相近。In order to deeply understand the mechanism and dynamic characteristics under the extraction process, the extraction kinetics of phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid was investigated by using constant-interface cell in the composite system. The effects of specific interracial area, the concentration of phosphoric acid in the optimum extraction conditions and the concentration of sulfuric acid in the optimum extraction conditions on the extraction rate of phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid were reviewed. The kinetic equation of the extraction of phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid was put forward in the sulfuric acid-phosphoric acid system at 60 ℃. The results show that the extraction rate of phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid decreases with the increase of specific interracial area, and increases with the increase of the initial concentration of phosphate in the aqueous phase gradually. With increasing the initial concentration of sulfuric acid in the aqueous phase, the extraction rate of phosphate is improved. The raw industrial phosphoric acid was used to verify the acid extraction kinetics. The result reveals that the extraction rates of the calculated values agree with the measured values of sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid.

关 键 词：比界面积 初始水相中磷酸浓度 初始水相中硫酸浓度 萃取速率 萃取动力学 

分 类 号：TQ028.32[化学工程]