干旱胁迫下水曲柳×大叶白蜡F_1的光合特性研究  

Photosynthetic Physiological Characteristics in F_1 Progeny of Fraxinus mandshurica and Fraxinus americana under Drought Stress

作　　者：李博[1] 詹亚光[1] 徐云刚[1] 曾凡锁[1] 张桂芹[2] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学生命科学学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [2]黑龙江省带岭林业科学研究所,黑龙江伊春153106

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2012年第11期2313-2320,共8页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家林业科技支撑项目(2012BAD01B0505;2011BAD37B02);哈尔滨市科技创新人才研究专项(RC2011QN002051)

摘　　要：以水曲柳与大叶白蜡杂交F1为试材并对部分花粉进行了高压静电场处理,探讨干旱胁迫对种间杂交F1生长量、光合特性和叶绿素含量等指标的影响。结果表明:(1)干旱胁迫处理的F1在净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率的降低幅度分别比母本(水曲柳自由授粉子代M7S和M8S)平均低5.1%、27.55%和12.05%,F1的叶绿素含量降低幅度比M7S和M8S降低幅度小并且复水后F1叶绿素回复能力也较强。(2)母本效应对F1表现出明显的影响。(3)高压静电场处理花粉提高了杂交子代对干旱胁迫的适应能力,有效抑制了受胁迫植株的净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率的降低,但静电场处理F1在解除胁迫后叶绿素含量及光合恢复能力方面存在差异。(4)杂交组合M8A4T和M7A2T的抗旱优势比较明显,杂交组合M8A2T对抗旱性比较敏感但也具有很强的恢复力。该研究初步明确了水曲柳×大叶白蜡杂交各组合F1对干旱胁迫的光合特性的生理响应,为干旱半干旱地区选育优良树种奠定了基础。In this paper, Fraxinus mandshurica open-pollinated progeny and hybrids between F. mandshuri- ca and Fraxinus americana [some of pollens were treated by high voltage electrostatic field （HVEF）]were selected as the experimental materials. The growth, photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll content under drought stress were studied. The results are as follows ： （1） The decrease of the F1 net photo- synthetic rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance under drought stress were 5.1%, 27.55 % and 12.05% lower than that of F. mandshurica open-pollinated progeny,respectively. The decrease of F1 chlo- rophyll content was lower than that of M7 S and Ms S. The ability of F1 chlorophyll recovery was also stron- ger. （2）The F1 photosynthetic indices were influenced obviously by female effect. （3） F1 seedlings of pollen treated by HVEF showed higher drought resistance than that of control plants （pollens not be treated ）. While net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate were effectively suppressed to decrease by HVEF. However, the photosynthetic physiological characteristics indicated that different hy- brids treated by the HVEF on pollen showed difference. （4）Ms A4T and MTA2T enjoyed obvious disadvan-tage. M8 A2T showed sensitive drought resistance but also showed very strong resilience. The preliminary research reveals the physiological response of F1 photosynthetic characteristics under drought stress in or- der to provide fine tree species for arid and semi-arid areas.

关 键 词：白蜡属 种间杂交 干旱胁迫 光合特性 杂种优势 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学]