陕西渭北地区苹果园黑蚱蝉的产卵危害及其控制研究  

Oviposition and control of Cryptotympana atrata(Fabricius) in apple orchards of Weibei Region,Shaanxi,China

作　　者：朱海涵[1] 贺虹[2] 魏琮[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学植物保护学院、植保资源与病虫害治理教育部重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《中国森林病虫》2012年第6期8-12,共5页Forest Pest and Disease

基　　金：陕西省自然基金项目(2010JM3001);教育部直属高校重点项目培育专项(PY200903)

摘　　要：选取渭南市白水县具有代表性的苹果园,对黑蚱蝉Cryptotympana atrata(Fabriciu)在果树枝条上的产卵危害规律进行了调查分析。结果表明:该地区苹果园最大受害株率可达94%,且受害株率与树龄成正相关;果树不同方位枝条受害程度与栽培走向密切相关;间作不同的果园受害差异不显著。黑蚱蝉趋向于在直径2.6～6.1 mm幼嫩枝条上产卵,产卵部位长度在5.8～35.2 cm之间,产卵部位基部与枝梢顶端的距离为10.8～56.2 cm;单枝平均刻槽数为35.1个,单刻槽平均卵量为6.8粒,单枝平均卵量为241.3粒。产卵枝条直径、产卵部位长度、单枝刻槽数和单枝总卵量两两之间均存在极显著相关性。应结合黑蚱蝉产卵规律,通过科学修剪、冬季深翻园土、喷施药剂等综合措施有效降低黑蚱蝉卵及若虫的数量,逐步控制该害虫对果园的危害。Representative apple orchards were chosen in Baishui County,Weinan City to investigate the oviposition habit and damage of Cryptotympana atrata.The results showed the maximum rate of infested trees reached 94% and it was positive related to the age of apple trees.The damage to different parts of apple trees was closely related to the direction of apple trees in orchards.Intercrops had no detectable effect on the extent of damage to the trees in different orchards.C.atrata preferred to lay eggs in branches with diameters between 2.6-6.1 mm;the scar length of oviposition centered on 5.8-35.2 cm and the distance between the base of scars and branch tips was 10.8-56.2 cm.On the average,there were 35.1 nidi per branch,6.8 eggs per nidus and 241.3 eggs per branch.Correlation analysis showed that there were significant linear correlations among branch diameter,scar length,nidus and egg amount.The damage of C.atrata in apple orchards in Weibei Region should be controlled step by step by reducing the amount of eggs and nymphs with the measures such as scientific pruning,deep tillage in winter and chemical control.

关 键 词：渭北地区 苹果园 黑蚱蝉 产卵规律 回归分析 控制 

分 类 号：S763.35[农业科学—森林保护学]