淮安市三级医院医护人员工作压力与心理健康调查分析  

Investigation and analysis of work pressure and psychological health of medical staff in Huai＇an city

作　　者：罗小虎[1] 吴秀娟[1] 张训保[1] 高洁[1] 林永滔[2] 

机构地区：[1]徐州医学院公共卫生学院,江苏徐州221002 [2]淮阴卫生高等职业技术学校,江苏淮安223000

出　　处：《徐州医学院学报》2012年第10期696-700,共5页Acta Academiae Medicinae Xuzhou

基　　金：徐州市科技发展基金计划立项课题（XF10C087）.

摘　　要：目的了解淮安市三级医疗机构医护群体的工作压力源与心理健康状况，分析医护群体的工作压力与心理健康状况之问的相关性，为缓解医护人员工作压力、改善其心理健康状况提供决策和依据。方法采取整群抽样方法，并使用症状自评量表（TheSymptomChecklist-90，SCL-90）、医护人员工作压力源量表以及一般资料调查表，对305名淮安市医护人员的心理健康状况与工作压力源进行调查，并对两者之间进行相关分析。结果医护人员躯体化、强迫、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、精神病性和偏执7个因子得分均高于全国正常人群常模，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），人际关系敏感因子得分低于常模，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。抑郁因子得分与中国常模比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。居于前4位的职业压力源是外部环境因素、工作负荷因素、组织管理因素和人际关系因素。医护群体工作压力源各维度与心理健康水平各因子呈正相关（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。医护群体工作负荷和外部环境压力在职业上差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论淮安市医疗机构医护人员心理健康状况不容乐观，医护人员整体工作压力较大，应加强对医护人员心理健康的教育。建议管理者制定合理的组织管理制度，改善医护人员工作环境，从工作量和工作时间分配方面减少医护人员工作压力，促进其心理健康。Objective To learn the pressure sources of medical staff and mental health and investigate medical staff work stress and the relationship with the mental health in the tertiary hospitals of Huai＇an city. The study will make a de- cision and provide a foundation to relief work pressure and improve their mental health. Methods The sample of 305 medical staff was investigated by using the Symptom Checklist - 90 and the Work Stressors Scale of Clinic Doctor. Re- suits The scores of somatization, obsession, anxiety, hostility, terror, psychosis and paranoid in the medical staff were significantly higher than those of national norm （P 〈 0.05 ） ; the scores of interpersonal sensitivity were significantly lower than those of national norm （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; The score of depression in medical staff was similar to those of national norm （ P 〉 0.01 ）. The external environment, the work burden, the interpersonal relationship and the management of the organiza- tion were listed on the top of the stressors. There were significant relations between work pressure and each factor of SCL -90（P 〈0.05 or P 〈0.01 ）. Stressors of the external environment and the work burden were significantly different on the factor of profession （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion It is not optimistic that the psychological health status of medical staff in the medical institution. The work pressures of medical staff are generally higher. So the psychological health education of medical staff should be enhanced. The effective measures should be taken to relieve doctors and nurses work pressure.

关 键 词：医护人员 心理健康 工作压力 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]