人工饲养环境下斑鳖产卵规律的研究  

Reproduction of a Captive Swinhoe's Softshell Turtle

作　　者：陈大庆 严霞晖[2] 杨俊龙[2] 狄敏 顾文华 陈晶 

机构地区：[1]苏州市动物园,苏州215001 [2]长沙动物园,长沙410119

出　　处：《野生动物》2012年第6期339-341,共3页

基　　金：苏州市科技计划项目"濒危动物斑鳖的繁育"(编号SH201007)资助

摘　　要：斑鳖目前仅在中国和越南的动物园中有4只存活个体,为了拯救这一物种,中国的苏州动物园和长沙动物园开展了斑鳖联合繁育项目。在2008～2011年对斑鳖的产卵时间、产卵窝数、产卵数量和卵的重量、直径等进行了测量。结果表明,雌性斑鳖在夜间产卵,有护卵行为。每年可产卵2～4窝,首次产卵在5月底或6月中旬,最晚在7月中旬结束。产卵间隔变化较大,最短的为12 d,最长的达到36 d,平均18.4±8.3 d。每窝产卵数45～70枚,平均为60.3±7.5枚,年产卵总数在100～200枚之间,年度之间波动很大,在1～136枚之间。卵的重量在19.0～21.5 g之间,平均20.1±0.7 g;卵的直径在31.5～34.4 mm之间,平均为32.6±0.7 mm。产卵次数、窝卵数、卵重和大小都会受到运输或环境变化的影响。以上结果表明,目前提供的环境条件和饲养管理符合斑鳖的繁殖要求,但是管理中要注意减少运输应激和环境的改变。Swinhoe＇s softshell turtle （ Rafetus swinhoei ） is a critically endangered species with only 4 individuals surviving in zoos in China and Vietnam. To save this species, a collaborative breeding program was established by Suzhou Zoo and Changsha Zoo using one male and one female turtle. From 2008 to 2011, we recorded the time of laying eggs, times of egg -laying per year, and clutch size, and measured the weight and diameters of eggs. The female turtle laid eggs at midnight and displayed egg protection behavior. The turtle laid eggs 2 - 4 times per year, the first clutch in late May or mid June, and the second clutch around mid July. The interval between clutches varied greatly, with the shortest interval of 12 days and longest of 36 days, averaging 18. 4 ± 8.3 days. Clutch size ranged from 45 eggs to 70 eggs, averaging 60. 3 ± 7.5 eggs. For one year, the total number of eggs ranged from 100 to 200, and the number varied greatly between years from 1 egg to 136 eggs. Egg weights ranged from 19. 0 ±21.5 g, averaging 20. 1 ±0. 7 g. Egg diameters ranged from 31.5 ±34. 4 mm, averaging 32. 6 ±0. 7 ram. The times of egg - laying, clutch size, egg weight and egg size were influenced by transportation and environmental changes. These implied the current environment and management are suitable for the reproduction of the turtle, however, stimulations of transportation and environmental changes should be eliminated in future management.

关 键 词：斑鳖 繁殖 产卵 

分 类 号：S854.5[农业科学—临床兽医学]