复方中草药对凡纳滨对虾生长及非特异性免疫功能的影响  

Effects of Compound Chinese Herbs on Growth Performance and Nonspecific Immunity of Litopenaeus vannamei

作　　者：王芸[1,2] 李健[2] 陈萍[2] 张喆[1,2] 何玉英[2] 李吉涛[2] 刘德月[2] 

机构地区：[1]农业部水产品加工重点实验室/中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,广州510300 [2]农业部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室/中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2012年第29期109-114,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金"中草药对养殖对虾的生长代谢及作用机理的研究"(2011TS05);科技部科研院所社会公益研究专项"海水鱼类养殖质量安全控制技术研究"(2004DIB4J165)

摘　　要：为了提高凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)的生长性能和抵抗细菌性疾病的能力,将黄芪、大黄、甘草和黄芩等比例组成复方,采用连续和间断2种投喂方式评价1%中草药饵料对凡纳滨对虾的生长和非特异性免疫功能的影响。试验共分3个组,分别为D0组(基础饲料对照组),D1组(1%中草药饲料组),6D1-6D0组(6天投喂1%中草药饲料——6天投喂基础饲料)。试验期间在不同时间取样测定血淋巴酚氧化酶、溶菌酶、超氧化物歧化酶的活性,并在14、28天分别进行副溶血弧菌感染凡纳滨对虾。结果表明:D1组对虾的增长率和相对增重率均显著高于6D1-6D0组和D0组(P<0.05);6D1-6D0组对虾的增长率和相对增重率略低于对照组,但无显著差异(P>0.05)。饲料中添加复方中草药可显著提高对虾免疫相关酶(PO、LSZ、SOD)活性。养殖第14、28天的弧菌感染试验结果显示:D1组的免疫保护率分别为68.3%、91.6%,6D1-6D0组的免疫保护率分别为27.2%、45.8%。说明中草药可改善对虾对弧菌性疾病的抵抗能力,并随投喂时间的增加而增强。In order to improve the growth performance and disease resistance ability of Litopenaeus vannamei,compound Chinese herb composed of equal Radix astragalus,Rheum officinale,Glycyrrhiza uralensis and Radix scutellaria were supplemented into shrimp diets to investigate its effects on growth performance and non-specific immunity of Litopenaeus vannamei.Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei was randomly divided into three treatments：control treatment was fed with basic diet;D1 group was fed with basic diet supplemented with 1% compound Chinese herb continuously;6D1-6D0 group fed with herb-containing diet for 6 d and then with basic diet for 6 d.The growth performance and the activities of hydrolymph phenoloxidase（PO）,lysozyme（LSZ） and superoxide dismutase（SOD） at different sample time were measured.The shrimps were challenged with Vibrio parahaemolyticus at the 14 th day and 28 th day respectively.The results indicated that the growthrate and weight gain rate of shrimp in D1 group increased significantly than that in control group（P 0.05）;there was no significant difference of growth rate and weight gain rate between 6D1-6D0 and control group（P 0.05）.The activities of immune enzymes were improved significantly when shrimp was fed diets supplemented with 1% compound Chinese herb.The challenge test demonstrated the immune protective rate of treatment D1 and 6D1-6D0 was 68.3%,27.2% at the 14 th day,and 91.6%,45.8% at the 28 th day respectively.The results indicated the compound Chinese herb could improve the disease resistance of Litopenaeus vannamei to V.parahaemolyticus.

关 键 词：中草药 凡纳滨对虾 非特异性免疫 抗病力 

分 类 号：S968.22[农业科学—水产养殖]