抽穗开花期不同高温处理对水稻开花习性和结实率的影响  

Effects of Different High Temperature Treatment on Flowering Characteristics and Seed Setting of Rice During Heading and Flowering Period

作　　者：张桂莲[1] 刘思言[1] 张顺堂[1] 肖应辉[1] 唐文邦[1] 陈立云[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,长沙410128

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2012年第30期116-120,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"水稻开花受精热胁迫受伤害生理机制研究"(30900874);湖南省自然科学基金项目"高温胁迫对稻米品质的影响及耐热基因差异表达分析"(11JJ3026);湖南省教育厅基金项目"水稻种子休眠性生理及遗传基础研究"(YB2009B023)

摘　　要：为了探明高温胁迫对水稻的伤害机理,利用人工气候箱在水稻抽穗开花期对2个耐热性不同早稻品种进行不同高温处理,研究高温胁迫对水稻开花习性和结实率的影响。结果表明,随着胁迫温度的升高,日开花数减少,日开花峰值降低,开颖角度减小,花粉粒直径增大,花药开裂、花粉活力、柱头活力下降,结实率降低。相关分析表明,2个品种的结实率与花粉活力、花药开裂系数、柱头活力之间均呈显著正相关(R=0.9733*,0.9768*和0.9270*)。水稻抽穗开花期受高温的危害存在品种间差异,相同高温胁迫下,耐热品种996受高温的伤害小于热敏感品种4628。In order to ascertain the damage mechanism of high temperature stress on rice, two early ricecultivars were treated with different high temperature treatment during heading and flowering period in the controlled environment chamber, flowering characteristics and seed setting were determined. The results showed that, with the increase of temperature treatment, daily number of spikelet flowering and the daily flowering peak value decreased, glume opening angle, anther dehiscence, pollen vigour, stigma vigour decreased, pollen diameter significantly increased, seed setting decreased. According to the correlation analysis, seed setting ratio of two cultivars showed a significantly linear correlation with pollen vigour, anther dehiscence and stigma vigour, respectively. A significantly difference of different high temperature treatment effects on flowering characteristics and seed setting during heading and flowering period existed among different cultivars, high temperature tolerant cuhivar 996 was lower than high temperature sensitive cuhivar 4628.

关 键 词：水稻 抽穗开花期 不同高温处理 开花习性 结实率 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]