微生物菌剂对日光温室辣椒生长和光合特性的影响  

Effects of microbial agents on growth and photosynthesis of pepper in solar greenhouse

作　　者：王其传[1,2] 孙锦[1] 束胜[1] 李晶[1] 郭世荣[1] 祁红英[2] 陈月珍 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院,江苏南京210095 [2]淮安柴米河农业科技发展有限公司,江苏淮安223200 [3]淮安市蔬菜研究所,江苏淮安223200

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2012年第6期7-12,共6页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-25-C-03);江苏省农业三项工程项目(SX(2011)289)

摘　　要：以辣椒品种‘苏椒5号’为试验材料,通过在育苗基质中添加4种不同种类的微生物菌剂(芽孢杆菌、菌根菌、丛枝菌根菌和安克菌剂),研究了微生物菌剂对日光温室辣椒生长和光合作用的影响。结果表明:微生物菌剂处理能显著降低辣椒结果期土壤中真菌数量,而增加细菌数量,与对照相比,芽孢杆菌处理后真菌数量下降54.8%,而细菌数量增加69.2%。芽孢杆菌显著提高辣椒叶片的叶绿素a和总叶绿素含量,而其他微生物菌剂对光合色素含量没有明显的影响。微生物菌剂能显著提高辣椒叶片净光合速率(Pn)和气孔导度(Gs),降低胞间CO2浓度(Ci),与对照相比,经芽孢杆菌、菌根菌、丛枝菌根菌和安克菌剂处理后,Pn分别增加了41.5%、30.2%、19.8%和24.0%。叶绿素荧光分析表明,微生物菌剂提高了辣椒植株光化学淬灭系数(qP)和实际光化学效率(ΦPSⅡ)。研究表明,育苗基质中添加微生物菌剂,调节辣椒叶片气孔开放程度,提高光合电子传递效率和植株净光合速率,并优化根围微生物区系,促进辣椒生长,提高产量,其中以添加芽孢杆菌效果最好。Pepper cultivar＇Sujiao 5＇was selected as material to elaborate the effects of microbial agents on growth and photosynthesis of pepper in solar greenhouse,and 4 microbial agents（Bacillus spp.（AR）,mycorrhizal fungi（NEB）,arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi（JGJ）,dimethomorph（AK））was applied in nursery substrate.The results showed that microbial agents significantly decreased the number of fungi and increased bacterial number in fruiting period.Compared with control,the number of fungi decreased 54.8% while the number of bacterial increased 69.2% after AR treatment.Chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll indicated a significant increase,while there was no significant difference in other photosynthetic pigments.Microbial agents induced net photosynthesis（Pn）and stomatal conductance（Gs）,and decreased intercellular CO2 concentration（Ci）.Pn increased by 41.5%,30.2%,19.8% and 24.0% after being treated with AR,NEB,JGJ and AK,respectively.Results of chlorophyll fluorescence analysis indicated that microbial agents increased the photochemical quenching coefficient（qP）and actual photochemical efficiency（ΦPSⅡ）.In conclusion,adding microbial agents enhanced net photosynthesis by improving stomatal opening and photosynthetic electron transfer ability,and optimizing rhizosphere microflora,which promoted growth and yield,and AR was selected as the best microbial agent,and can be used in pepper seedling raising for efficient production.

关 键 词：微生物菌剂 日光温室 辣椒 光合特性 

分 类 号：S641.3[农业科学—蔬菜学] S141.5[农业科学—园艺学]