提高接地极散流效率的冲击接地降阻分析  

Analysis of Grounding Resistance Reduction Effect Based on Enhancing Impulse Current Leakage Efficiency

作　　者：袁涛[1] 雷超平[1] 司马文霞[1] 杨庆[1] 骆玲[1] 艾琳丰[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆大学电气工程学院输配电装备及系统安全与新技术国家重点实验室,重庆400030

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2012年第11期278-284,共7页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家创新研究群体基金(51021005);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2009CB724504);国家自然科学基金(51107153)资助项目

摘　　要：提高简单结构接地极的冲击散流效率可达到降低其冲击接地电阻的目的,对输电线路防雷具有重要意义,为此,从提高接地极的冲击散流效率、改善其冲击散流不均匀度的角度,对接地极上添加"针刺"的降阻效果进行研究。本文通过冲击接地模拟试验,分别测量了13种接地极的冲击散流分布规律及其冲击接地电阻。利用本文建立的冲击散流不均匀度计算式,计算上述接地极的冲击散流不均匀度,分别分析了"针刺"长度及其位置对接地极散流不均匀度和冲击接地电阻的影响规律。规律表明,通过在接地极上的合适位置布置"针刺"状短导体能够起到增强其冲击散流均匀度,降低其冲击接地电阻的作用,且当"针刺"位于接地极中部而非端部时,降阻效果更明显。Impulse resistance of simple configuration grounding device, which is significant for lightning performance of transmission lines, would reduce if current leakage effitciency of which is enhanced. Thereby, study on impulse resistance of grounding devices is carried out in order to improve current leakage efficiency. Impulse current leakage regulation as well as impulse resistance of 13 grounding devices are measured via impulse simulation experiment. Current leakage unhomogeneous degree of grounding devices are calculated by using computation formula of unhomogeneous degree which established in this paper. Impact of the ＂needle＂ length and location upon current leakage unhomogeneous degree as well as impulse grounding resistance are analyzed respectively. The results show that impulse current leakage become more unhomogeneous by adding needle shaped conductor to the proper location of grounding devices. Furthermore, impulse resistance of grounding devices are reduced. In addition, effect of resistance reduction is more obvious while needle shaped conductor is added at middle of the grounding device than other cases.

关 键 词：接地极 冲击接地模拟试验 不均匀度 冲击接地电阻 端部效应 

分 类 号：TM72[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]