不同材料膜覆盖对地温和花生叶片光合作用的影响  

Effects of mulching with film of different materials on soil temperature and photosynthesis of peanut leaf

作　　者：尹光华[1] 佟娜[1,2] 郝亮[1,2] 谷建[1] 刘作新[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,辽宁沈阳110016 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2012年第6期44-49,共6页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家"十二五"国家科技计划课题(2012AA101404);国家"十二五"科技支撑重大课题(2012BAD09B02);辽宁省重大项目(2008212003)

摘　　要：利用旱棚微区试验,开展了花生平播后不同材料膜覆盖试验。分析得出:液态生物降解膜覆盖可以明显提高耕层土壤温度,在开花下针期全天平均提高0.2℃～1.1℃,结荚期平均提高0.1℃～1.7℃,保温性能较好,有利于作物前期的生长发育。纤维黑色纸膜覆盖和粉剂黑色降解膜覆盖对地温的影响相似,保温效果相对较差。聚乙烯膜覆盖地温始终处于较高值,与液态生物降解膜覆盖相比差异明显,均明显高于对照。液态生物降解膜与聚乙烯膜覆盖后在饱果成熟期叶片的Pn值提高21%和17%,其Tr值分别提高52%和15%,有利于花生产量的提高。液态生物降解膜适宜于花生覆膜应用。Tests of mulching with film of different kinds of materials were carried out after flat sowing peanut using watershed microplot. The results indicate that the soil temperature in the field covered by Liquid Microbe Degradable Film （LMDF） increased significantly, by an average of 0. 2℃- 1.1 ℃ on flowering and pegging stage and 0. 1 ℃ - 1.7 ℃ on pod setting stage during the whole day l It was beneficial to peanut because of the better heat preservation. Fiber Black Resin Film （FRF） and Powder Degradable Film （PDF） had similar and relatively poor effect on surface soil temperature preservation. Polyethylene Plastic Film （PPF） had always kept a high soil temperature during the growing period. There were obvious differences between PPF and LMDF in soil temperature preservation, but they were both sig- nificantly higher than that of no mulching treatment （ CK）. The Pn in LMDF and PPF mulching increased respectively by 21% and 17%, and Tr in LMDF and PPF mulching increased respectively by 52% and 15%. Therefore, LMDF and PPF are more conducive to peanut production, and LMDF is suitable to mulching on peanut.

关 键 词：花生 可降解膜 地温 光合速率 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学]